TEMPERAMENT AND SOCIALIZATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GUILT AND CONSCIENCE

研究了内疚和良心内化的发展过程 在100个孩子的样本中。孩子们8到9岁， 评估时间，但从幼儿期开始（在研究中 79-M-123）。儿童气质品质的相对贡献， 家庭中的社会化经历是研究的重点。的 研究结果表明，父母社会化的早期反应（1 和3岁）是预测随后的发展， 内在的良心尽早遵从父母的指示， 禁忌（儿童调节能力的早期表现） 禁止冲动），显然铺平了道路，以进一步内化 过程父母权威性教养取向与儿童的 儿童的高度道德内化，但只有在儿童谁是 相对容易经历恐惧和焦虑。这项研究强调了一个 儿童气质在儿童心理发展中的重要中介作用 家庭社会化过程和道德发展。

The process of development of guilt and internalized conscience are studied in the sample of 100 children. The children are 8 to 9 -years old at the time of assessment, but have been followed since toddlerhood (in the study 79-M-123). Relative contributions of children's temperamental qualities and socialization experiences in the family are the focus of the study. The findings indicate that early responses to parental socialization (between 1 and 3 years of age) are predictive of the subsequent development of internalized conscience. Early compliance to parental directives and prohibitions (the early manifestation of the child's ability to modulate a forbidden impulse), clearly paved the way to the further internalization process. Parental authoritative rearing orientation was associated with the child's high moral internalization, but only in children who were relatively prone to experience fear and anxiety. This study highlights an important mediating function of the child's temperamental qualities in the process of socialization in the family and moral development.