Understanding the extent of and limitations to conscientious objection by health care practitioners to abortion

项目名称了解保健从业人员出于良心反对堕胎的程度和局限性背景1967年《堕胎法》是第一部涵盖苏格兰、英格兰和威尔士的关于堕胎的立法，对社会规范和保健实践产生了重大影响。在该法案的实施过程中存在着很大的争议，现在正值该法案颁布50周年，这一问题通过各种广播和电视节目以及在一些地点举行的讲习班和会议再次引起社会的注意。这些都表明，“堕胎辩论”在今天仍然有可能造成社会分裂。然而，另一个问题也浮出水面，那就是根据该法第4条，保健从业人员有权“出于良心拒服兵役”。在其颁布时，这项权利是毫无疑问地获得的，但在最近的时代，特别是随着堕胎做法的改变，这项权利受到了质疑，其限制也变得模糊不清。目的，研究问题和目标。我们的研究旨在确定良心反对堕胎（CO）的适当参数，并将研究结果传达给一系列国家和国际受益者。重点研究问题医疗保健从业者对“参与堕胎”的理解是什么？出于良心的考虑，专业人员应该被允许退出堕胎程序的哪些环节？主要objectives1。通过收集来自两个地理区域的hcp的经验证据，探索hcp对“参与堕胎”的理解，这两个区域都提供全方位的堕胎服务2。将这些证据与学术文献、政策文件和法律诉讼中已有的证据综合起来。最终，为了提出关于hcpco堕胎适当参数的建议和指导，潜在的应用和效益通过基于经验和哲学探究的双重方法，本研究的关键成果将是确定并向英国各地的卫生保健机构提供关于CO堕胎适当参数的具体建议。因此，研究结果将有可能为医学、助产学、护理和药学的治理、管理和实践提供信息；对联合王国和地方政府对产地来源证的规管产生影响；并影响世界卫生组织（WHO）和国际专业机构等国际组织的决策。然后，我们将为国家使用提供明确的指导方针。我们的研究将在几个方面是独一无二的：(I)它将是真正的多学科，将涉及具有不同专业知识的学者和医护人员；（II）它将在一个有目的的前提下进行，而大多数关于原产地证书的学术研究都是基于捍卫/反对原产地证书的意识形态承诺；（III）这将是该领域第一个采用平行实证和哲学方法的研究；鉴于大多数关于人工流产的学术研究要么是大量的实证研究，要么是大量的哲学研究，我们的研究将从基础层面开始，从医疗保健提供者那里收集观点，他们的角色使他们接触到堕胎过程，并将收集到的数据用于哲学分析。

Project title Understanding the extent of and limitations to conscientious objection by health care practitioners to abortionContextThe 1967 Abortion Act, which was the first legislation on abortion to cover Scotland, England and Wales, has had a significant impact on social norms and healthcare practice. There was substantial controversy around the introduction of the Act and now with its Act's 50th anniversary, the topic is once more being brought to society's attention through various radio and television programmes and workshops and conferences being held in a number of locations. These have shown that the 'abortion debate' still has the power to be socially-divisive today.However, another question has come to the fore and that is the right by health care practitioners (HCPs) to 'conscientious objection' under section 4 of the Act. At the time of its enactment, this right was granted without question but in more recent times, especially with changes to the practice of carrying out abortions, it has been called into question and its limits have become blurred. Aim, research questions and objectives.Aim Our research aims to identify the appropriate parameters of conscientious objection (CO) to abortion, and communicate the findings to a range of national and international beneficiaries. Key research questions1. What do health care practitioners understand as constituting 'participation in abortion'?2. Which elements of the abortion process should professionals be permitted to withdraw from on grounds of conscience?Main objectives1. To explore what HCPs understand as constituting 'participation in abortion' by gathering empirical evidence from HCPs working in two geographical areas, both of which provide the full range of abortion services2. To synthesise this evidence with that already available in academic literature, policy documents and legal proceedings 3. Ultimately, to produce recommendations and guidance on the appropriate parameters of CO to abortion by HCPsPotential application and benefitThrough the dual approach grounded in empirical and philosophical enquiry the key deliverable from this study will be the identification and delivery of specific recommendations of appropriate parameters for CO to abortion to health care institutions throughout the UK. The findings will thus have the potential to inform governance, management, and practice in medicine, midwifery, nursing and pharmacy; to impact upon regulation of CO by the UK and devolved governments; and to influence policymaking by international organisations such as the WHO and the international professional bodies. We will then provide clear guidelines for national use. Our study will be unique in several respects:(I) it will be truly multi-disciplinary and will involve academics and HCPs with diverse expertise; (II) it will proceed upon a purposive premise, whereas most academic enquiry about CO proceeds on the basis of an ideological commitment to defending/opposing CO; (III) it will be the first research in its field to employ parallel empirical and philosophical methodologies; whereas most academic study of CO is either heavily empirical or heavily philosophical, our study will start at ground level, collecting perspectives from HCPs whose roles bring them into contact with the abortion process, and subjecting the data gathered to philosophical analysis. .