GCRF Inclusive societies: How to link industrial and social innovation for inclusive development: lessons from tackling cancer care in Africa

包容所有公民的经济发展需要在工业政策和社会政策之间建立适当和可持续的联系。一个包容性的卫生部门可以产生健康和受过教育的工作人口；工业创新和投资可以产生普遍获得保健所必需的低成本商品和服务。然而，这种将社会包容与工业化联系起来的有益互动，必须在地方层面积极建立：这是一个艰巨的过程，将工业、贸易和社会政策的不同领域的决策集中在确定通过普遍获得具有工业可行性的医疗服务来实现公平增长的途径上。这项研究的目的是通过解决目前的趋势可能会积极地产生不平等的“难题”——获得癌症治疗，在东非低收入和中等收入国家展示“如何做到这一点”。癌症是撒哈拉以南非洲新出现的健康危机：疾病负担急剧增加，诊断非常差，需要目前昂贵的药物和设备，而这些药物和设备却无法广泛获得，因此许多人由于无力支付而得不到治疗。然而，创新技术和非专利药物提供了低成本保健的潜力：其中许多正在印度开发，印度拥有强大的制药业和卫生部门投入物低成本生产的记录。此外，一些非洲国家的制药业正在积极升级到更复杂的技术。在东非，许多工业生产和创新都与印度工业伙伴和供应商紧密相连，包括印非合资企业。这项研究汇集了来自东非、印度和英国的一个跨学科专家小组，研究在肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚将工业生产创新与卫生保健创新联系起来的范围，以增加低成本癌症护理的可及性，包括疾病的预防、诊断、治疗和管理。该研究小组旨在跨越公共/私营、工业/卫生和印度/非洲边界开展工作，以制定和评估一系列癌症的低成本预防、诊断、治疗和管理方案；以及进一步创新和相关技术在非洲的工业生产的范围。这些情景将汇集工业和卫生保健方面的具体创新，并将与主要利益攸关方进行开发、评估和互动辩论，以便在东非范围内最大限度地扩大对改善获得癌症治疗和工业发展机会的影响范围。我们还期望印度受益于将工业创新与保健需求和获取联系起来的新想法。研究人员将从一开始就与印度、东非的卫生和工业决策者、制造商和监管机构积极合作。东非小组包括临床专业知识和卫生经济学、流行病学、卫生系统、工业发展和创新方面的专业知识；印度小组由一名印度工业与卫生联系方面的专家领导，包括卫生和工业方面的专门知识；联合王国工作队在创新和技术管理、情景建立和评价以及非洲环境中的卫生-工业联系方面具有很强的专门知识。该团队建立在团队成员之间过去的大量研究合作基础上，并拥有长期的网络和获得制造商合作的能力；我们聘请了一个著名的国际咨询小组来指导研究和传播。

Economic development that is inclusive of all its citizens requires appropriate and sustainable links between industrial and social policies. An inclusive health sector can produce a healthy and educated working population; industrial innovation and investment can generate the low cost commodities and services essential for universally accessible health care. However such beneficial interactions, linking social inclusion to industrialisation, have to be actively built at local level: a demanding process of centring decisions within the different domains of industrial, trade and social policies on identifying routes to equitable growth via universal access to care with industrial viability. This research aims to demonstrate "how to do it" in practical terms in low and middle income East Africa by tackling a "hard case" where current trends may actively generate inequality unless countered: access to cancer care. Cancer is an emerging health crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa: a sharply rising disease burden, very poorly diagnosed, that requires currently expensive medication and equipment not widely available, so that many go without treatment because of inability to pay. However, innovative technologies, and off-patent medicines offer potential for lower cost care: many of these are being developed in India, a country with a strong pharmaceutical industry and a track record of low cost production of health sector inputs. Furthermore, a number of African countries have a pharmaceutical industry that is actively upgrading to more complex technologies. In East Africa, much industrial production and innovation is strongly networked with Indian industrial partners and suppliers, including India-Africa joint ventures. This research brings together an expert cross-disciplinary team from East Africa, India and the UK to research the scope for linking innovation in industrial production and in health care to increase the accessibility of low cost cancer care, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of disease, in Kenya and Tanzania. The research team aim to work across the public/private, industry/health, and India/Africa boundaries to generate and evaluate a number of scenarios for lower cost prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of a range of cancers; and the scope for further innovation and for Africa-based industrial production of relevant technologies. These scenarios will bring together specific innovations in industry and health care, and will be developed, evaluated and debated interactively with key stakeholders in order to maximise the scope for impact on improving access to cancer care, and industrial development opportunities, in the East African context. We also expect India to benefit from new ideas for linking industrial innovation to health care need and access.Researchers will work actively from the start with health and industrial policy makers, manufacturers and regulators in India, East Africa. The East African team includes clinical expertise and expertise in health economics, epidemiology, health systems, industrial development and innovation; the Indian team is led by an expert in industrial-health linkages in the Indian context and includes health and industrial expertise; the UK team has strong expertise in innovation and technology management and scenario building and evaluation, as well as health-industrial linkages in African contexts. The team is built on substantial past research collaborations among team members and has long standing networks and competence in accessing collaboration from manufacturers; we have recruited an eminent international advisory panel to guide the research and dissemination.