Learning from 'Left-Behind' places: everyday hopes and fears for the future after Brexit in England

从“落后”的地方学习：英国脱欧后对未来的日常希望和恐惧这个项目将调查英国四个城市地区的居民如何看待英国脱欧及其后果。它将研究他们对英国退欧后未来的希望、愿望和焦虑。这项研究将集中在三个英国城市的四个选区。这些地区的后工业、社会和经济发生了巨大变化，加上政府的紧缩政策，导致许多居民遭受边缘化和排斥。在社会科学、政治和媒体报道中，它们被认定为“落后”的地方。有人认为，公投为“留守”社区的居民提供了“抗议投票”的机会。这不仅是对欧盟的抗议（当然，许多选民正是这样做的），也是对建制派政治（威斯敏斯特）、紧缩的有害影响、全球化的力量、市场原教旨主义的暴政和移民政策等的抗议。认为投票离开欧盟表明了蔑视和不信任的论点意义重大。然而，它往往会筛选出投票留下的同一地区的居民，那些没有投票的人，以及那些不允许投票的人。它考虑到这些社区内部的多样性，并采取统一的对策。该项目将调查公投两年后，英国脱欧对当地人意味着什么。我们听到政客们说“Brexit意味着Brexit”。但这对普通人意味着什么呢？这对他们的日常关注和关切意味着什么？Brexit是否会出现在他们想象的未来中？还是在他们放弃的未来？这对他们有意义吗？如果有，意义如何？对移民的担忧在脱欧投票中发挥了很大作用。然而，我们知道，英国各地和“留守”地区对移民的意义和焦虑并不一致。该项目旨在调查移民在日常Brexits中的位置，时间和方式。日常Brexits，我们指的是英国脱欧在人们生活中的普通日常方式。该项目将在12个月内分三个阶段进行。第一个将“测量”所研究的四个地区居民对英国脱欧的日常担忧。将组织焦点小组和小组讨论，通过这些会议，感兴趣的参与者将接受社会科学研究方法的“培训”：例如，进行采访，摄影日记或小型调查。第二阶段的研究将集中在2019年3月29日的“英国脱欧日”。这将作为政治事件进行调查。其目的是让研究参与者，早期培训为“公民社会科学家”，以照片日记，小型采访和媒体帐户的形式记录这一天。研究的第三阶段包括一系列公共宣传活动，将邀请当地政治家、决策者、宣传团体和非政府组织的成员参加。目的是让研究参与者密切参与这些活动的组织工作，并介绍研究结果。该项目将提供一个比我们迄今为止更细致入微的解释，说明英国脱欧对英格兰城市居民意味着什么。它将让研究参与者参与研究的设计、进行和介绍，其方式将便利他们参与关于治理的讨论，这些讨论通常是关于他们的，但很少包括他们。它还超越了目前对分裂的强调，并探讨了社会类别和地方之间的共性和联系，以便社区和政策制定者有一些有意义的工作，而不是反对。

Learning from 'Left-Behind' places: Everyday Hopes and Fears for the Future After Brexit in England This project will investigate how residents of four urban areas in England think about Brexit and its consequences. It will study their hopes, aspirations and anxieties about the future after Brexit. The research will focus on four electoral wards in three English cities. These are places where large post-industrial, social and economic changes, together with government policies of austerity, have contributed to experiences of marginalisation and exclusion amongst many residents. They have been identified in social scientific, political and media accounts as 'left behind' places. It has been argued that the referendum provided residents of 'left-behind' communities the opportunity for a 'protest vote'. Not merely a protest against the EU (although of course many voters were doing precisely that), but also a protest against, for example, establishment politics (Westminster), the detrimental effects of austerity, the forces of globalisation, the tyranny of market fundamentalism, and immigration policies. The argument that a vote to leave the EU demonstrated defiance and mistrust is significant. However, it tends to screen out residents of the same localities who voted to remain, those who did not vote, and those who were not permitted to vote. It flattens the diversity within such communities and assumes a unified response. This project will investigate what Brexit means, two years after the referendum, to people on the ground. We hear from politicians that 'Brexit means Brexit'. But what does it mean for ordinary people? What does it mean in relation to their everyday preoccupations and concerns? Does Brexit feature in the futures they imagine? Or in the futures they have abandoned? Is it significant to them, and if so how? Concerns about immigration played a large part in the vote to leave the EU. We know however that the meanings and anxieties attached to immigration across England and within 'left-behind' places are not uniform. This project aims to investigate where, when and how immigration figures in everyday Brexits. By everyday Brexits, we refer to the ordinary, everyday ways in which Brexit features in people's lives. The project will take place in three phases over 12 months. The first will 'take the temperature' of the everyday concerns about Brexit of residents in the four localities under study. Focus groups and group discussions will be organized and from these meetings interested participants will be 'trained up' in social scientific research methods: for example, in doing interviews, photo-journalsor mini-surveys. The second phase of the research will focus on 'Brexit Day' on the 29th March 2019. This will be investigated as a political event. The aim is for research participants, trained earlier as 'citizen social scientists', to record the day in the form of photo-diaries, mini-interviews, and media accounts. The third phase of the research comprises a series of public dissemination events to which local politicians, policy makers, members of campaigning groups and NGOs will be invited. The aim is for research participants to be closely involved in the organisation of these events and in presenting the findings of the research. The project will provide a more nuanced and fine-grained account of what Brexit means for residents of urban England than we have thusfar. It will include research participants in the design, conduct and presentation of the research in ways that will facilitate their participation in discussions about governance that are usually about them but rarely include them. It also looks beyond the current emphasis on division and explores the commonalities and connections across social categories and places, in order that communities and policy makers have something meaningful to work with, rather than against.