GEMdev: Grounded Energy Modelling for equitable urban planning development in the global South

全球南方公平城市规划的地面能源建模（GEMDev）是伦敦大学学院（伦敦）、FCPV和PUCP（利马）以及CDRF-CEPT（艾哈迈达巴德）之间的合作伙伴关系，旨在为离网社区的日常生活和能源实践中的地面能源规划工具创造新的知识。不安全的和非正式的能源获取影响着生活在低标准住房中的贫困社区生活的各个方面。获得负担得起、可靠和安全的能源服务形式对健康和经济机会具有特别深远的影响。然而，这些社区在日常生活中获取和使用能源的方式却鲜为人知。当非正式住区升级或重新安置时，这些做法的变化方式也同样不为人所知。随着数据驱动的能源规划方法，如城市建筑能源模型（ubem），作为规划工具变得越来越重要，这种缺乏理解的风险进一步边缘化了最脆弱的社区，因为他们的需求要么被完全忽视，要么规划的解决方案无法满足他们的需求。ubem已在全球北方城市开发并广泛应用，以逐栋建筑为基础对城市能源消耗进行建模，从而可以评估不同节能措施和政策的影响。这些工具对全球发展中国家的能源规划者极具吸引力，但目前这些模式完全没有考虑到非正式住区的复杂性。GEMDev将使用参与式研究方法与边缘化社区共同创建数据集，以确保他们在未来的ubem中得到代表。让这些社区参与知识和数据集的创建，以便在能源规划工具中代表他们，这是一种非常新颖的方法，不仅确保了有意义的认可，而且通过研究过程本身，提高了社区的能力和技能，扩大了他们在规划过程中的声音，这对他们的生活产生了深远的影响。利马和艾哈迈达巴德被选为实施GEMDev项目的案例，既有方法上的原因，也有实际的原因。从方法论的角度来看，这两个都是全球城市，其特点是在获得能源和其他服务方面存在严重的不平等，但它们的发展历史和解决城市穷人需求的政策却截然不同。从实际的角度来看，我们将在这两个城市建立牢固的现有研究伙伴关系。利马的UCL/FCPV伙伴关系提供了参与式方法方面的专业知识，并与市政当局进行了强有力的接触，而建筑能源建模的能力将通过私立和公立大学、PUCP和UNI之间的创新方法建立。艾哈迈达巴德的UCL/CDRF-CEPT伙伴关系提供了能源建模方面的专业知识，该项目将建立参与式方法的能力。对南南知识转移的高度重视是支撑该项目的公平伙伴关系的一个重要例子。GEMDev将在利马和艾哈迈达巴德提供一个关于能源实践、空间利用和城市形态的强有力的、共同制作的证据基础。这不仅将用于支持这些城市ubem的本地开发，还将用于共同创建离网城市的替代原型。这些调查结果可以为城市、国家和区域政策提供参考，支持实现多项可持续发展目标，包括关于能源的可持续发展目标7、关于可持续城市和社区的可持续发展目标11等。将合作伙伴和利益相关者纳入该提案的制定将有助于确保该项目为全球南方边缘化的离网社区带来真正和持久的变化。

Grounded Energy Modelling for equitable urban planning in the global South (GEMDev) is a partnership between UCL (London), FCPV and PUCP (Lima) and CDRF-CEPT (Ahmedabad), which aims to create new knowledge to ground energy planning tools in the realities of everyday life and energy practices of off-grid communities. Insecure and informal access to energy impacts on all aspects of life for poor communities living in sub-standard housing in the global South. Access to affordable, reliable and safe forms of energy services has particularly profound effects on health and economic opportunities. However, the ways in which these communities access and use energy in their day-to-day lives are poorly understood. The ways in which those practices change when informal settlements are upgraded or relocated are equally poorly understood.As data-driven approaches to energy planning, such as Urban Building Energy Models (UBEMs), gain increasing importance as planning tools, this lack of understanding risks further marginalising the most vulnerable communities as their needs are either entirely overlooked or planned solutions fail to address their needs. UBEMs have been developed in, and widely applied to, cities in the global North to model urban energy consumption on a building by building basis, allowing the assessment of impacts of different energy conservation measures and policies. Such tools are highly attractive to energy planners in the global South, but the complexity of informal settlements is wholly absent from these models at present. GEMDev will use participatory research methods to co-create datasets with marginalised communities to ensure that they are represented in the UBEMs of the future. Engaging these communities in the creation of the knowledge and datasets in order to represent them in energy planning tools is a highly novel approach which not only ensures meaningful recognition, but, through the research process itself, increases communities' capacity and skills, amplifying their voice in the planning processes that have profound impacts on their lives.Lima and Ahmedabad have been selected as the cases for application of the GEMDev project for both methodological and practical reasons. From a methodological perspective, both are global cities characterised by significant inequalities in access to energy and other services but with very different histories of development and policies for addressing the needs of the urban poor. From a practical perspective, we will build on strong existing research partnerships in both cities. The UCL/FCPV partnership in Lima contributes expertise in participatory methods and strong engagement with municipal authorities, while capacity in building energy modelling will be built through an innovative approach between private and public universities, PUCP and UNI. The UCL/CDRF-CEPT partnership in Ahmedabad contributes expertise in energy modelling and the project will build capacity in participatory methods. The strong focus on South-South knowledge transfer is a key example of the equitable partnerships which underpin this project.GEMDev will deliver a robust, co-produced evidence base on energy practices, use of space and urban form in Lima and Ahmedabad. This will be used to not only support the local development of UBEMs for these cities, but also to co-create alternative archetypes of the off-grid city. These findings can inform city, national and regional policies that support the delivery of multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), including SDG7 on energy, SDG11 on sustainable cities and communities, and beyond. The inclusion of partners and stakeholders in developing this proposal will help to ensure the project delivers real and long-lasting change for marginalised, off-grid communities in the global South.