Working with community groups to understand and reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among ethnic minority individuals in the UK

英国政府2021年1月11日的COVID-19疫苗交付计划强调了疫苗高接种率的必要性，但承认一些少数民族群体存在犹豫。最近的工作证实，一些少数民族群体不愿意和/或不确定是否接种COVID-19疫苗。我们自己的工作表明，少数民族群体中的许多人认为疫苗不安全（与发展速度和对医学研究和制药公司的深度不信任有关），不确定疫苗试验是否涉及像他们这样的人（因此有效性和安全性数据是否适用于他们），所有这些都是在社会不平等的背景下进行的。一些针对少数民族社区的蓄意误导活动加剧了现有的焦虑情绪。opensafety Collaborative的数据清楚地证明了这种影响——来自英格兰2340万成年人的数据显示，黑人、混血儿、南亚和其他种族群体的疫苗接种率远低于白人群体。截至1月13日，80岁以上不在养老院的白人中有42.5%接种了疫苗，而80岁以上的印度/英裔印度人接种了疫苗的比例为33.8%，孟加拉国/英裔孟加拉国人接种了疫苗的比例为23.0%，非洲人接种了疫苗的比例为15.9%。英国的国家COVID-19疫苗实施战略显然对非白人群体效果较差。接种疫苗的不确定性对实现政府公共卫生顾问建议的社会覆盖率提出了重大挑战。我们提议的工作将a)汇集8-10个少数民族社区组织，所有这些组织都希望改善其社区的疫苗接种；B)与这些群体合作，对少数民族群体的疫苗接种情况和提高疫苗接种的战略进行快速系统的审查；C)编写一份共同编写的循证报告，其中包含有关向少数民族群体推广疫苗的建议，以及共同制定的进一步研究议程，以了解疫苗犹豫。少数民族社区组织是我们建议的核心。它们拥有网络、经验和信誉，使其社区参与卫生规划和研究。利用这一经验来证实和完善来自不同证据来源的见解，并根据其所代表的社区量身定制任何由此产生的建议，对于提高COVID-19疫苗的吸收率至关重要。

The UK Government's COVID-19 vaccine delivery plan of 11th Jan 2021 emphasised the need for high uptake of the vaccine but acknowledged hesitancy among some ethnic minority groups. Recent work has confirmed the unwillingness and/or uncertainty among some ethnic minority groups to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Our own work has revealed that many people in ethnic minority groups believe the vaccines to be unsafe (linked to the speed of development and deep mistrust of medical research and pharmaceutical companies), are unsure that vaccine trials have involved people like them (and therefore whether effectiveness and safety data apply to them), all against a backdrop of social inequalities. Deliberate misinformation campaigns, some of which target ethnic minority communities, play into existing anxieties.The impact of this was starkly demonstrated by the OpenSAFELY Collaborative- data from 23.4 million adults in England show much lower rates of vaccination among Black, Mixed, South Asian and Other ethnic groups than for White groups. By 13th January, 42.5% of over-80s who were not in care homes and were White had been vaccinated, compared to 33.8% of over-80s of Indian/British Indian heritage, 23.0% of those of Bangladeshi/British Bangladeshi heritage, and 15.9% of those of African heritage. The UK's national COVID-19 vaccine implementation strategy is clearly less effective for non-White ethnic groups. Uncertainty about receiving a vaccine presents significant challenges to achieving the societal coverage that government public health advisors have recommended.Our proposed work will a) bring together 8-10 ethnic minority community organisations, all of which want to improve vaccine uptake in their communities; b) in collaboration with these groups do rapid systematic reviews on uptake of vaccines among ethnic minority groups and of strategies to improve uptake; c) prepare a co-produced, evidence-informed report containing recommendations regarding vaccine roll-out to ethnic minority groups, together with a co-developed agenda for further research to understand vaccine hesitancy.Ethnic minority community organisations are at the heart of our proposal. They have the networks, experience, and credibility to engage their communities in health programmes and research. Harnessing this experience to corroborate and refine insights from different sources of evidence and tailor any resulting recommendations to the communities they represent is critical to improving COVID-19 vaccine uptake.