Towards diversity, equality and sustainability in streaming: Translating British media in Korea and Korean media in the UK

该项目以促进两国文化交流和媒体产业的可持续发展为目标，探索通过流媒体服务推广韩英媒体翻译内容的方案。更具体地说，该项目研究了如何利用流媒体和OTT服务，将翻译作为英国和韩国媒体在其他国家发展和推广的一部分。尽管两国的媒体内容在对方国家越来越多，但英国媒体在韩国媒体文化中通常被边缘化，韩国电影在很大程度上吸引了英国的小众观众。因此，英国和韩国的媒体可以说是另一个国家的邪教媒体，在他们周围形成了粉丝圈。然而，随着两国之间的自由贸易协定于2021年1月1日生效，人们期待韩国和英国之间更直接的文化交流与合作，以及两国之间发展媒体内容贸易的潜力。目前，媒体行业之间仍然缺乏联系，针对媒体内容的生产和接收的研究也很少。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，流媒体视频点播（SVOD）和OTT的使用比以往任何时候都扩大，Netflix等服务上大量出现国际字幕和配音媒体，凸显了翻译对于成功向新受众销售媒体内容的重要性。流媒体服务赋予观众权力，使他们能够决定何时、何地观看自己选择的媒体内容，并促进他们探索来自世界各地的翻译媒体产品。通过媒体产品的翻译发行，本地制作可以接触到国际观众。通过翻译进行更广泛的传播，可以通过增加销售和更可持续的做法来支持国家媒体和创意产业，减少对环境的影响，同时创造当地就业机会。为了应对全球挑战，Netflix已经采取了行动，承诺雇佣当地工作人员（以避免旅行产生的碳足迹），并实现“净零”温室气体排放。很少有研究关注韩国和英国之间通过翻译进行的媒体交流，也没有研究发展这种交流的方式可以为两国带来更可持续的媒体和创意产业。现有的学术研究还没有像这个项目那样研究翻译、粉丝、媒体传播和可持续工作实践之间的联系。该项目将通过研究在韩国流媒体服务上提供的英国媒体文本（电影或电视节目）和在英国流媒体服务上提供的韩国媒体的模式和受欢迎程度，来加深对这种媒体交流的理解，重点关注翻译在使英国媒体在韩国访问方面的作用，反之亦然。通过对粉丝制作和讨论的分析，它将研究现有媒体文本的接受情况，目标是通过OTT服务和翻译开发在韩国推广英国媒体和在英国推广韩国媒体的方法。它将探讨如何为国际观众翻译媒体作品可以在英国和韩国发展可持续的（在经济和环境意义上）媒体产业。通过在韩国举行的研讨会和在伦敦举行的会议，将英国和韩国的学术研究人员、从业人员、政策制定者、产业相关人士联系起来。该项目还将利用英国和韩国引进的电影放映来吸引当地社区，提高他们对来自对方国家的媒体作品的兴趣。

This project explores ways to promote Korean and British media content in translation through streaming services with the goal of promoting mutual cultural exchange and sustainable media industries in each country. More specifically, this project investigates the ways in which translation can be used as part of the development and promotion of British and Korean media in the other country using streaming and Over the Top (OTT) services.Despite the growing availability of media content from both countries in the other country, British media has typically been marginalised in Korean media culture and Korean films have largely appealed to a niche audience in the UK. British and Korean media can therefore said to be cult media in the other country and fandoms have grown up around them. However, following the free trade agreement between the two countries, which came into effect as of 1 January 2021, there are expectations of more direct cultural exchange and collaboration between Korea and the UK and potential for developing the trade in media content between the two countries. Currently, there is still a lack of connectivity between the media industries and little research addressing the production and reception of media content. Streaming video on demand (SVOD) and OTT usage has expanded more than ever before during the Covid-19 pandemic, and the strong presence of international subtitled and dubbed media on services such as Netflix highlights the importance of translation for the success of selling media content to new audiences. Streaming services have empowered viewers by enabling them to decide when, what, and where to watch media contents of their choice and have facilitated them exploring media products from around the world in translation. Through the translated distribution of media products, local productions can reach international audiences. This wider distribution through translation can support national media and creative industries through increased sales and more sustainable practices that reduce environmental impact while also creating local jobs. Netflix already has made a move to address the global challenges by being committed to hiring local crews (to avoid its carbon footprint from travel), and to reach its 'net zero' greenhouse gas emissions. Little research has yet focused on this media exchange between South Korea and the UK through translation, nor on the ways in which developing this exchange can lead to more sustainable media and creative industries in each country. What scholarship there is has not researched the interconnection between translation, fandom, media distribution and sustainable working practices, as this project will.This project will develop understanding of this media exchange by examining patterns and popularity of British media texts (films or TV shows) available on streaming services in Korea, and Korean media available on British streaming services, focusing on the role of translation in making British media accessible in Korea and vice versa. Through analysis of fan productions and discussion, it will examine the reception of media texts that are already available, with the goal of developing ways to promote British media in Korea and Korean media in the UK through OTT services and translation. It will explore how translations of media productions for international audiences can develop sustainable (in both an economic and environmental sense) media industries in the UK and Korea. It will connect British and Korean based academic researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and industry stakeholders through meetings, a symposium in Korea and a conference in London. The project will also use introduced film screenings in both the UK and South Korea to engage local communities and increase their interest in the media productions from the other country.