Children's Perceptions of Socio-economic Inequality in South Korea and the United Kingdom

政府机构、智库、国际组织和报纸发布了大量报告，描绘了英国社会经济不平等的发展和顽固的持久性。流行病学研究表明，收入不平等程度较大的社会在常见公共卫生指标(如发病率、婴儿死亡率)以及幸福感、心理健康和儿童发展成果方面的得分低于较平等的社会。因此，社会经济不平等对个人和社会有不利影响。社会科学领域的研究试图了解社会经济不平等对年轻人的心理影响。这部文献的主要贡献包括认识到社会包容和社会认同在社会阶层群体和儿童机构应对和处理不平等方面的重要性。事实上，这些社会认知机制似乎是调节不平等对儿童发展结果和功能的影响的关键。因此，为了了解不平等如何影响儿童和发展成果，必须审查儿童对社会经济不平等的理解的发展情况，以及这种发展的社会认知机制。因此，关于不同社会经济背景的儿童如何体验和应对不平等的发展心理学研究，对于了解社会经济不平等对儿童的影响以及社会经济不平等如何在社会中长期存在至关重要。在确实存在文化比较的地方，它们指出了社会经济不平等的文化概念化、社会阶级认同和陈规定型观念以及儿童在个人和结构性不平等方面的经历对发展成果的不同影响。因此，有必要了解文化因素如何塑造和改变发展中的社会认知机制对儿童对社会经济不平等以及发展功能和结果的看法的相对影响。在英国和韩国解决这些问题尤其合适，因为这两个国家在衡量社会经济不平等的经济指标方面有相似之处，但在更普遍的文化信仰和对不平等的反应更具体地说是不同的。因此，建立一个研究网络，重点关注英国和韩国儿童对不平等的看法，对于了解广泛的经济指标(两个社会都是相似的)以及社会认知机制和取向(两国似乎不同)对发展结果的相对影响非常有价值。我们的团队由来自英国和韩国的知名研究人员以及博士生和职业早期研究人员组成，他们跨越社会科学，如文化和社会心理学、发展心理学、教育学和组织心理学。拟议的联网活动将使我们能够从跨学科和跨文化的角度审查儿童理解不平等及其对韩国和联合王国发展成果的影响的决定因素和调节因素。具体地说，我们将(A)通过在线和面对面举办的联合研讨会和会议，在英国和韩国研究人员之间建立新的伙伴关系和网络。(B)促进英国和韩国职业生涯早期研究人员的海外机构访问。(C)为促进分享最佳实践、知识交流以及使网络成员能够产生新的研究议程和资金提案的活动支付消耗品。

A plethora of reports by governmental agencies, think tanks, international organizations, and newspapers have charted the development and stubborn persistence of socio-economic inequality in the UK. Epidemiological research indicated that societies with greater income inequality score lower than more equal societies in common public health indicators (e.g., morbidity, infant mortality), but also well-being, mental health, and children's developmental outcomes. Thus, socio-economic inequality has adverse effects for individuals and societies. Research across the social sciences has attempted to understand the psychological impact of socio-economic inequality on young people. The key contributions of this literature include a recognition of the importance of social inclusion and social identity in the context of social class groups and children's agency in responding to and coping with inequality. Indeed, these social-cognitive mechanisms seem to be key in mediating the effects of inequality on children's developmental outcomes and functioning. Thus, to understand how inequality affects children and developmental outcomes, it is imperative to examine the development of children's understanding of socio-economic inequality as well as socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying this development. Developmental psychological research on how children from different socio-economic backgrounds experience and respond to inequality is therefore vital in understanding the effects of socio-economic inequality on children and how socio-economic inequality is perpetuated in societies.The vast majority of recent research on children's understanding of socio-economic inequality has been conducted in North America or Western Europe. Where cultural comparisons do exist, they point to differential influences of cultural conceptualizations of socio-economic inequality, social class identities and stereotypes, and children's experience with personal and structural inequalities on developmental outcomes. It is thus pertinent to understand how cultural factors shape and change the relative influence of developing socio-cognitive mechanisms on children's perceptions of socio-economic inequality as well as developmental functioning and outcomes. Addressing these questions in the UK and South Korea is particularly apt, as the two countries share similarities in terms of economic indicators of socio-economic inequality, but differ in terms of cultural beliefs more generally and reactions to inequality more specifically. Consequently, establishing a network of researchers that focuses children's perceptions of inequality in the UK and South Korea is extremely valuable in understanding the relative effects of broad economic indicators (which are similar for both societies) and socio-cognitive mechanisms and orientations (which seem to differ for both countries) on developmental outcomes.Our team consist of established researchers, as well as PhD students and early-career researchers, from the UK and South Korea spanning disciplines across the social sciences, such as cultural and social psychology, developmental psychology, education, and organizational psychology. The proposed networking activities will allow us to examine the determinants and moderators of children's understanding of inequality and their effects on developmental outcomes in South Korea and United Kingdom from an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspective. Specifically, we will (a) Establish new partnerships and networks between UK and South Korean researchers on inequality in childhood through joint workshops and conferences, both conducted online and face-to-face.(b) Promote overseas institutional visits for UK and South Korean early-career researchers.(c) Pay consumables for activities that promote sharing of best practices, knowledge exchange, and that enable network members to generate new research agendas and funding proposals.