Reviewing Supranational Costs of Health Security Preparedness for WHO and G20 Evidence-base

这项工作将审查区域/全球（超国家）活动的费用估计数，这些活动是改善卫生安全准备工作和保护世界免受流行病和大流行病等卫生紧急情况的影响所必需的。该项目与世界卫生组织（WHO）和杜克大学的学术伙伴合作，将提供证据，为世卫组织新的指导和政策建议、20国政府（G20）谈判以及第75届世界卫生大会之前及之后的相关政策谈判提供信息。2019冠状病毒病疫情凸显了开展此类工作的必要性，过去两年的经验表明，在国家、区域和超国家层面做好卫生安全准备非常重要。这项工作将补充世卫组织目前为详细估算国家一级此类备灾活动所需资源而作出的努力。在这样做的过程中，这项研究将解决与确定大流行病防备和应对改革的成本估计有关的五个关键问题：1）确定超国家和区域一级当前和未来的预算/成本计算要求; 2）从“区域”和“国家”活动中详细列出“超国家”活动; 3）解决国家、区域和超国家各级之间在效率和效力方面的关键知识差距; 4）确定有助于“全球卫生公益物”的活动; 5）建立子系统投资优先战略模型，以便在大流行病防备和应对中最好地实现这些卫生公益物。

This work will deliver a review of cost estimates for the regional / global (supranational) activities needed to improve health security preparedness and protect the world from health emergencies like epidemics and pandemics. Working in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and academic partners at Duke University, this project will deliver evidence to inform new WHO guidance and policy recommendations, Government of Twenty (G20) negotiations, and related policy negotiations prior to the 75th World Health Assembly and beyond. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for such work, with experiences over the past two years showing the importance of health security preparedness across country, regional and supranational levels. This work will complement ongoing WHO efforts to detail cost estimates for country-level resource needs for such preparedness activities. In doing so, this research will address five key issues related to determining cost estimates for pandemic preparedness and response reform: 1) Locating current and future budget / costing requirements at supranational and regional levels; 2) Detailing 'supranational' from 'regional' and 'national' activities; 3) Address the key knowledge gap around efficiency and effectiveness at the interface between national, regional and supranational levels; 4) Locate activities contributing to 'global common goods for health', and; 5) model subsystem investment prioritization strategies that can best realize these common goods for health in pandemic preparedness and response.