CARCINOGENESIS OF MAMMALIAN CELLS IN CULTURE

正常人皮肤成纤维细胞和外周血淋巴细胞的培养 易患癌症的个体，以及转化为 培养的或体内的，都被用来评估 辐射诱发的染色体DNA损伤、DNA修复缺陷、癌症 易感性与恶性转化。增加了 人卵巢癌G-2期X射线照射后染色单体损伤的发生率 细胞周期与癌症和恶性肿瘤的易感性都有关。 转化并可为癌症检测提供依据 敏感度。指出了这种辐射敏感性的遗传基础。 来自对体细胞杂交的研究。进一步的基因研究现在正在进行中 可能与近交系小鼠抗病和易感 浆细胞瘤的诱导和相关的G-2染色单体放射敏感性。这个 染色体的辐射敏感性似乎是由于DNA修复缺陷造成的 在G-2期间。这个项目的另一个方面是开发一种可重现的 人表皮角质形成细胞的体外转化体系 跟踪生物和生化变化进程的模型 导致肿瘤转化。一个相关的问题是识别 肿瘤转化的细胞形态改变诊断 促进转基因和转化研究。

Cultures of skin fibroblasts and peripheral lymphocytes from normal and cancer-prone individuals, as well as neoplastic cells transformed in culture or in vivo, are utilized in evaluating the relationship between radiation-induced chromosomal DNA damage, deficient DNA repair, cancer susceptibility and malignant neoplastic transformation. An increased incidence of chromatid damage after x-irradiation during G-2 phase of the cell cycle is associated with both a predisposition to cancer and malignant transformation and can provide the basis of a test for cancer susceptibility. A genetic basis for this radiosensitivity is indicated from studies with somatic cell hybrids. Further genetic studies are now possible with inbred strains of mice resistant and susceptible to plasmacytoma induction and associated G-2 chromatid radiosensitivity. The chromosomal radiosensitivity appears to result from deficient DNA repair during G-2. Another aspect of this project is to develop a reproducible transformation system with human epidermal keratinocytes as an in vitro model for following the progression of biologic and biochemical changes leading to neoplastic transformation. An associated problem is to identify cytomorphologic changes diagnostic of neoplastic transformation to facilitate transfection and transformation studies.