TRANSFORMING GENES OF AVIAN RNA TUMOR VIRUSES

我们正在继续研究病毒致癌基因 作为它们的共生同源物，诱导生物化学事件的激活 引导细胞向恶性转化和肿瘤方向发展。利用 逆转录病毒作为了解人类免疫缺陷病毒结构和分子本质的工具 由这些病毒转导的细胞癌基因使 这些细节在正常和恶性系统中的分辨率。此外， 我们已经利用这些onc基因作为揭示基因组的探针。 Myc和MHT原癌基因在多种细胞中的组织，例如 人类，从进化到鱼类和果蝇。此外 研究三种逆转录病毒(MC29、MH2)的基因组结构 和OK10)，都是myc癌基因家族的一部分，我们已经接近了 组织了几个双共凝物系统，试图解决 MH2中MHT和myc基因以及E26中Ets和myb基因的致癌相互作用。 利用这些探针使我们能够将我们的研究扩大到包括 Ets和myc在几种人类肿瘤中的组织和表达 它们会经历染色体重排。此外，我们还有 构建并利用表达载体产生大量的 特异性癌基因产物的分离、纯化和鉴定 化学和免疫学，产生有价值的免疫诊断 在这个过程中的试剂。此外，我们对分子结构的了解 使我们能够制造出独特的人工合成寡核苷酸 并产生同源抗血清来探测这些相对稀缺的蛋白质 正常的细胞系统，这导致了它们的细胞内定位 和细胞联结。关于正常癌基因和激活癌基因的研究 将具有重要的对角论和功能含义 有助于理解它们在恶变过程中的作用。

We are pursuing the study of the process by which viral oncogenes, as well as their collular homolgs, induce the activation of biochemical events that direct the cell towards malignant transformation and neoplasia. Utilizing retroviruses as tools to understand the structural and molecular nature of the cellular oncogenes transduced by these viruses has enabled the resolution of these details in both normal and malignant systems. Further, we have utilized these onc genes as probes revealing the genomic organization of myc and mht proto-oncogenes in a variety of cells, such as human, all the way down evolutionarily to fish and Drosophila. In addition to studying the genomic organization of the three retroviruses (MC29, MH2 and OK10), all part of the myc oncogene family, we have approached the organization of several dual oncoagene systems in an attempt to resolve the oncogenic interaction of genes mht and myc in MH2, and ets and myb in E26. Utilizing these probes has enabled us to expand our study to include the organization and expression of ets and myc in several human neoplasias which undergo chromosomal rearrangements. Additionally, we have constructed and utilized exapression vectors to produce large amounts of specific oncogene products and then to purify and characterize them chemically and immunologically, producing valuable immunodiagnostic reagents in the process. Further, our knowledge of the molecular structure of specific oncogenes has enabled us to make unique synthetic oligopeotides and produce cognate antisera to probe these relatively scarce proteins in normal cellular systems, which has led to their intracellular localization and cellular association. These studies on normal and activate oncogenes will have inportant diagonostic, as well as functional, implications towards understanding their role in the process of malignancy.