BIOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE ETS PROTO-ONCOGENES

人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1和HIV-2)及其 猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)属于猴免疫缺陷病毒 慢病毒家族，是获得性免疫的病原体 虚证(艾滋病)。HIV-1和HIV-2mRNA的调控 表达由位于长链中的顺式调控序列决定 前病毒的末端重复序列(LTR)区域。HIV-1 LTR包含一个 核心增强子位于-79到-109个碱基之间，与NFkappaB重叠 和Ets结合位点(EBS)(GGGACTTTCC)的直接重复 配置。 含有双聚体或多聚体的启动子和增强子的研究 EBS揭示了EBS存在两个不同的方向：i)直接、在 其中富含嘌呤的DNA链有一条线性的，“从头到尾” 方向，以及ii)回文，其中发现EBS存在于 一种“面对面”的定位。中两个EBS核心之间的间距 HIV-1增强子是十个核苷酸，然而，两个核苷酸之间的距离 EBS核心在不同的启动子中有所不同。

The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2), along with their simian counterpart, simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), belong to the lentivirus family and are the etiological agents of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The regulation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 mRNA expression is determined by cis-regulatory sequences located in the long terminal repeat (LTR) region of the provirus. The HIV-1 LTR contains a core enhancer located at -79 to -109 bp, which has overlapping NFkappaB and ETS binding sites (EBS) (GGGACTTTCC) in a direct repeat configuration. An examination of promoters and enhancers that contain dual or multimeric EBS reveals that two distinct orientations exist for EBS: i) direct, in which the purine rich DNA strand has a linear, "head to tail" orientation, and ii) palindromic, in which the EBS are found to exist in a "head to head" orientation. The spacing between the two EBS cores in the HIV-1 enhancer is ten nucleotides, however, the distance between two EBS cores varies in different promoters.