The acceptability and feasibility of increasing standing and reducing sitting in office worksites

久坐行为（低能量消耗的坐姿活动）是心脏代谢疾病的危险因素，与PA无关。即使对于那些每周进行150分钟中度到剧烈体力活动的人来说，久坐也是一种风险。这是一个紧迫的公共卫生问题，因为现代英国的工作实践越来越久坐不动。客观数据显示，办公室工作人员通常一天中有三分之二的时间坐在办公桌前，在典型的工作日中，8小时中有6小时是坐着的。站在办公室往往会鼓励其他形式的轻度活动（例如在办公室散步），并减少和维持葡萄糖和胰岛素反应。站立与坐姿的标准心肺反应相当于额外增加0.5-1.0 kcal/min的能量消耗[13]。每周站立3小时，一年下来，每年可以额外消耗25，000 - 30，000卡路里的能量，相当于跑10场马拉松。用工作场所的坐姿代替站立，提供了一种相对便宜、方便和潜在有效的手段，可以通过将轻度活动融入久坐的日常生活中，来应对低职业能量消耗和改善健康。行为改变干预措施（BCI）促进站立工作可以增加轻度活动，从而改善劳动力健康，但如何接受尚不清楚。我们提出了一项干预措施，鼓励大学工作人员用站立代替坐着。它将涉及动机和结构的变化，使站立成为工作环境中日常情况的习惯反应。这个多学科的项目包括三个工作包（WP），使用定性和定量的方法，以评估可接受性和可行性的习惯为基础的BCI，以减少基于办公桌的坐着。工作计划涉及心理，社会和组织促进因素以及修改工作实践的障碍，必须理解这些因素以增加我们实施干预的可能性。WP 1使用定性方法记录大学工作人员在工作场所会议中自我决定的站立经验，其中坐着是规范的。WP 2侧重于运动和认知表现，作为生产力的代表，当坐着或站着时，有或没有分心。WP 1 -2将有助于开发基于习惯的BCI，以取代工作场所的站立坐姿。WP 3在大学工作人员中进行深入访谈和活动监测，以检查干预是否为大学工作人员所接受。总之，妇女工作者以工人和雇主都能接受的方式填补了实现长期以站代替坐的知识空白。

Sedentary behaviour (low energy-expenditure seated activity) is a risk factor for cardio-metabolic disease, independently of PA. Sitting is a risk even to those who do 150mins per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. This is an urgent public health concern, because modern UK working practices are increasingly sedentary. Objective data suggest office workers typically spend around two-thirds of the day at a desk and sit for 6 hours out of 8 hours in the typical working day. Standing in the office tends to encourage other forms of light activity (e.g. walking in the office), and reduces and sustains glucose and insulin responses. Standard cardio-respiratory responses of standing vs. sitting equate to increased energy expenditure of 0.5-1.0 additional kcal/min [13]. Accumulating 3 hours per week of standing over a year could generate an additional annual energy expenditure of 25,000-30,000 calories - equivalent in activity levels to running around 10 marathons. Substituting workplace sitting for standing offers a relatively inexpensive, accessible and potentially effective means to counter low occupational energy expenditure and improve health by integrating light activity into sedentary routines. Behaviour change interventions (BCIs) promoting standing at work can increase light activity and so improve workforce health, but how they would be received is not known. We propose an intervention that will encourage the replacement of sitting with standing in university workers. It will involve making motivational and structural changes to make standing a habitual response to everyday situations within the workplace environment. This multidisciplinary project comprises three work packages (WPs), using qualitative and quantitative methods, to assess acceptability and feasibility of a habit-based BCI to reduce desk-based sitting. The WPs address psychological, social and organisational facilitators and barriers to modifying work practices, which must be understood to increase the likelihood of our intervention being implemented. WP1 uses qualitative methods to document university workers' experiences of self-determined standing in workplace meetings where sitting is normative. WP2 focuses on motor and cognitive performance, as a proxy for productivity, when sitting or standing, with or without distraction. WPs1-2 will aid development of a habit-based BCI to displace workplace sitting with standing. WP3 uses in-depth interviews and activity monitoring among university staff to examine whether the intervention is acceptable to university workers. Together, the WPs fill a knowledge gap on achieving long-term substitution of sitting with standing in a manner acceptable to workers and employers alike.