Increasing Equity in Live Donor Kidney Transplant through Effective Patient-Provider Communication (EPPCom)

通过有效的医患沟通提高活体肾移植的公平性 (EPPCom)

• 批准号: 10567329
• 负责人: Heather Marie Gardiner
• 金额: $ 67.78万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-06-05 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10567329
• 关键词: Affective; American; Area; Asian; Asian population; Attitude; Behavior; Black Populations; Black race; Caring; Caucasians; Chronic; Chronic Kidney Failure; Client satisfaction; Communication; Communities; Consultations; Data; Decision Making; Development; Dialysis procedure; Donor person; Elements; End stage renal failure; Equity; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Exhibits; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Kidney Failure; Kidney Transplantation; Knowledge; Life; Living Donors; Medical; Medical center; Medicine; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Modality; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Organ Donations; Outcome; Patient Outcomes Assessments; Patients; Physicians; Predictive Factor; Process; Prospective Studies; Provider; Quality of life; Readiness; Reporting; Research; Saints; Sampling; Site; Surveys; Testing; Training; Transcript; Transplantation; Treatment Protocols; University Hospitals; Variant; Waiting Lists; acceptability and feasibility; access disparities; black patient; care outcomes; communication behavior; compliance behavior; cost; design; digital; ethnic disparity; ethnic minority; feasibility testing; health disparity; health literacy; improved; innovation; mortality; non-verbal; optimal treatments; parity; participant enrollment; patient stratification; patient-clinician communication; physical conditioning; provider communication; provider factors; satisfaction; shared decision making; skills; skills training; therapy design; transplant centers

PROJECT SUMMARY Live donor kidney transplant (LDKT) is the preferred treatment modality for patients with chronic and end-stage kidney disease. LDKT is less expensive than prolonged dialysis and offers improved mortality and morbidity over either dialysis or deceased donor kidney transplants (DDKT). However, ethnic minorities have significantly less access to LDKT than their White counterparts. Collectively, Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics represent 64.3% of the kidney transplant wait list, yet received only 36% of all LDKTs in 2019. Further, rates of LDKTs have decreased for Black patients over the last decade. Decades of research point to patient-provider communication as a contributing factor to observed disparities in health and healthcare outcomes. To date, however, no attempt has been made to gauge the impact of the communication occurring during transplant evaluation consultations on LDKT outcomes. The long-term goal of the proposed study entitled, Increasing Equity in Live Donor Kidney Transplant through Effective Patient-Provider Communication, is to increase parity in access to LDKT for Black patients. We propose a community-engaged, mixed-methods study employing a concurrent triangulation design to identify the specific communicative behaviors that result in live donor inquiries and evaluations, and actual LDKTs for Caucasian and Black patients, providing critical information to the design of an intervention to improve patient-provider communication about LDKT. Specifically, we will simultaneously quantitatively assess patient and provider factors with established and hypothesized associations with receipt of LDKTs, and qualitatively assess discrete elements of patient-provider communication occurring during transplant evaluation consultations for Caucasian and Black patients (Aim 1). Brief quantitative surveys administered before and after medical consultations held as part of the evaluation for transplant candidacy will capture providers’ (N=52) confidence and comfort discussing LDKT and patients’ satisfaction with the consultation, medical mistrust, health literacy, and LDKT knowledge, attitudes and readiness. We will also audiorecord transplant evaluation consultations for 60 Caucasian and 60 Black patients (N=120) across the two study sites – Saint Barnabas Medical Center (NJ) and Temple University Hospital (PA), and qualitatively assess the communication occurring during the consultations. We will use the findings to inform development of the content and format of a communication skills training for transplant providers and evaluate the direct and indirect effects of the training on patient-reported and LDKT process outcomes (Aims 2 & 3). Intervening at the provider level is both practical, given that all transplant candidates already must undergo this consultation, and efficient, given that a single transplant physician can evaluate >100 transplant candidates per year. Thus, the results of this innovative study have the potential to increase access to LDKT for Black patients currently awaiting kidney transplant. Improving communication during the transplant consultation may prove to be an effective and efficient means of alleviating ethnic disparities in LDKT.

项目总结