Durable, practical, effective and affordable formats for insecticide-treated eave baffles that protect households and suppress malaria transmission

屋檐挡板(EBS)是一种简单的住房改造，使用广泛可用的网状材料，可以用现有的杀虫剂配方进行处理。经过处理的EBS和窗帘在蚊子进入房屋后将它们捕捉到屋内，并在蚊子试图再次离开时迫使它们与杀虫剂进行致命接触。在坦桑尼亚南部标准化的实验小屋中，经杀虫剂处理的EBS的实验原型证明是一种与室内残留喷洒相同或更好的杀灭疟疾媒介的替代方法。EBS需要的杀虫剂比IRS少5倍，与粘合剂(BA)共处理可以提高耐用性，因此只需要每2到3年进行一次治疗。因此，这项早期研究的总体目标是开发新的、实用的、可扩展的EBS原型，这种原型已经被改造成在进入房屋的蚊子攻击居住者之前诱捕它们，并且可以容易地安装在大多数非洲农村家庭中。我们为这项早期研究提出了以下目标：1.重新评估先前评估的实验原型EBS对AN的杀虫效果。Funestus和An.分别于治疗后12个月、18个月、24个月和30个月在实验小屋中观察与BA4联合治疗的远期疗效。以易于制造的“滚动式”形式开发一种新的电子捕蚊器设计，以及可广泛扩展的安装程序，并在坦桑尼亚农村房屋的随机样本中展示成功的安装，将蚊子叮咬的滋扰减少80%并评估用户的看法。展示可扩展的EB滚筒诱捕器的杀虫效果与之前的实验原型相当，使用实验小屋来衡量对蚊子生存的影响。

Eave baffles (EBs) are a simple housing modification using widely-available netting materials, which can be treated with existing insecticide formulations. Treated EBs and window screens trap mosquitoes inside houses after they enter, and force them into lethal contact with insecticides when they attempt to exit again. Experimental prototypes of insecticide-treated EBs proved an equivalent or superior alternative to indoor residual spraying for killing malaria vectors in standardized experimental huts in southern Tanzania. EBs required >5 times less insecticide than IRS, and co-treating with a binding agent (BA) could enhance durability so that they only need to be treated every 2 to 3 years.The overall goal of this early-phase study is therefore to develop new, practical, scalable prototypes for EBs, which have been adapted to trap house-entering mosquitoes before they can attack the occupants, and can be readily installed in most rural African houses. We propose the following objectives for this early-phase study:1. Re-assess the insecticidal efficacy of the previously evaluated experimental prototype EBs against An. funestus and An. arabiensis in experimental huts at 12, 18, 24 and 30 months post-treatment, to demonstrate long-term efficacy when co-treated with BA.2. Develop a new EB trap design in a readily-manufactured "on a roll" format, together with broadly-scalable installation procedures, and demonstrate successful installation that reduces mosquito biting nuisance by >80% and assess user perceptions, in a random sample of rural Tanzanian houses.3. Demonstrate equivalent insecticidal efficacy of the scalable EB trap-on-a-roll format to the previous experimental prototype, using experimental huts to measure impact on mosquito survival.