PARENT ASSISTED SMOKING CESSATION

尽管针对青少年的预防项目已经开展了多年，但青少年仍然开始吸烟，这使他们面临疾病流行的风险，包括肺癌、喉癌、口腔癌，以及慢性阻塞性肺病、冠心病和中风。许多青少年吸烟者都尝试过戒烟，但很少有针对青少年的戒烟计划，也很少有针对青少年戒烟计划有效性的研究。这个以社区为基础的项目提供了一个独特的机会，可以干预被法院强制要求参加烟草意识和戒烟计划的青少年吸烟者。1998年1月1日，德克萨斯州制定了一项新法律，禁止未成年人拥有、购买、消费或接收烟草产品，并要求未成年人在被定罪或被吊销驾驶执照后参加烟草意识课程。因为这些青少年在没有自己意愿的情况下被投入到戒烟过程中，父母对戒烟阶段更完整和连贯进展的支持可能会增加孩子成功戒烟的可能性。父母致力于孩子的健康和幸福，并及时、不断地与他们接触，作为持久关系的一部分。家长协助戒烟（PASC）是一种家长教育干预，旨在促进家长对青少年戒烟的支持。家长教育干预将基于跨理论的改变模型（TTM）、动机访谈（MI）和社会认知理论。TTM理论认为，成瘾行为会通过变化周期中不同点或阶段的特定过程发生动态变化。与决策平衡和自我效能一起，这些过程是个体用来通过行为改变阶段的策略。PASC将通过家长监测烟草使用和与吸烟同伴的联系、关于烟草的沟通和其他支持行为，告知家长支持这些过程。为了减少父母的强制性和惩罚性行为，并帮助父母根据孩子的戒烟阶段调整与孩子的沟通，父母将被告知MI的移情、非对抗性技术。利用理论、吸烟青少年及其父母的数据以及调查小组的经验，将编写12份通讯。时事通讯将包括榜样故事、练习、信息和沟通技巧，并根据青少年吸烟者的年龄、性别和家庭结构量身定制。一项试点研究将检验PASC导致青少年戒烟率增加的假设。青少年和他们的父母（N=90）将通过法院招募，通讯将邮寄，并通过电话收集数据。

Despite years of prevention programs targeting adolescents, adolescents continue to begin smoking, putting them at risk for an epidemic of diseases, including cancers of the lung, larynx, oral cavity, as well as COPD, CHD and stroke. Many adolescent smokers have tried to quit but there are few cessation programs available for adolescents and little research conducted on the effectiveness of adolescent cessation programs. This community-based project provides a unique opportunity to intervene with adolescent smokers who are court-mandated into a tobacco awareness and cessation program. The State of Texas instituted a new law January 1, 1998 that prohibits possession, purchase, consumption, or receipt of tobacco products by minors and requires minors to attend a tobacco awareness program upon conviction or lose their driver's license. Because these adolescents are thrown into the cessation process without their own volition, parental support for a more complete and coherent progression through the stages of smoking cessation may increase the probability that the children will be successful in smoking cessation. Parents are committed to the health and welfare of their children and have timely, constant access to them as part of an enduring relationship. Parent Assisted Smoking Cessation (PASC) is a parent education intervention designed to promote parental support for adolescent smoking cessation. The parent education intervention will be based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM), Motivational Interviewing (MI), and Social Cognitive Theory. TTM proposes that addictive behaviors change dynamically through processes specific to different points or stages in the cycle of change. Along with decisional balance and self-efficacy, these processes are strategies the individual uses to move through the stages of behavior change. PASC will inform parents about supporting these processes through parental monitoring of tobacco use and association with smoking peers, communication about tobacco, and other support behaviors. In an attempt to reduce coercive and punitive parental behaviors, and help parents tailor their communication with their child to their child's stage of smoking cessation, parents will be informed about the empathetic, non-confrontational techniques of MI. Using theory, data from smoking adolescents and their parents, and the experience of the investigative team, 12 newsletters will be developed. Newsletters will incorporate role model stories, exercises, information, and communication tips, and be tailored to the adolescent smoker's age, gender, and family structure. A pilot study will test the hypothesis that PASC results in increased smoking cessation rates among adolescents. Adolescents and their parents (N=90) will be recruited through the courts, newsletters will be mailed, and data collected by telephone.