CEREBELLAR CONTRIBUTION TO ADAPTIVE REACHING BEHAVIORS

描述（来自申请人的摘要） 授予请求的目的是检查小脑的作用， 学习两种不同的小脑依赖性适应性伸展运动， 一个用于补偿图像位移棱镜，另一个用于补偿 为了施加能够使肢体从 它的预定轨道。 实验评估了一般假设， 小脑在运动任务的学习中的作用是高度 任务依赖性。 在第一组实验中， 小脑到棱柱的适应将在人类受试者和 猫训练达到一个操纵，而穿着形象置换 棱镜 我们的初步数据表明，这种补偿过程是 依赖于小脑，但方式与目前不同 相信。 在第二组研究中，人类受试者和猫将被 所需的是适应于施加弹性载荷， 达到运动。 初步研究表明， 采用高度依赖于在线的扰动响应 由小脑处理。 实验将确定小脑患者和猫的能力 用失活的同侧插入的齿状核来获得， 保持这两种适应行为。 小脑依赖型 通常获得的适应特征将与那些 在小脑功能失调时控制适应。 猫 范式将用于评估大脑中发生的神经元相互作用。 小脑潜在的收购以及执行这两个 适应性行为的类型。 多个单单元记录功能 小脑皮质和核的相关区域将阐明 在特定矢状区内的神经元相互作用， 这些适应性行为的获得和表现，强调这些 与小脑相关的学习特征的相互作用 过程 研究结果将揭示与这些问题有关的重要原则。 运动行为的学习，某些功能异常的基础 在小脑患者，和一般机制，可调用期间 中枢神经系统消融病理后运动功能的恢复 神经系统

DESCRIPTION (from applicant's abstract) The experiments proposed in this grant request are designed to examine the role of the cerebellum in the learning of two different cerebellar-dependent adaptive reaching movements, one to compensate for image displacing prisms and the other to compensate for the application of an elastic load capable of displacing the limb from its intended trajectory. The experiments assess the general hypothesis that the cerebellum's role in the learning of motor tasks is highly task-dependent. In the first group of experiments, the contribution of the cerebellum to prism adaptation will be explored in human subjects and in cats trained to reach for a manipulandum while wearing image displacing prisms. Our preliminary data indicate that this compensatory process is dependent on the cerebellum, but in a different manner than currently believed. In a second group of studies, human subjects and cats will be required to adapt to the application of an elastic load applied during a reaching movement. Preliminary studies indicate that this adaptation employs a response to the perturbation that is highly dependent upon on-line processing by the cerebellum. The experiments will determine the capacity of cerebellar patients and cats with inactivated ipsilateral interposed and dentate nuclei to acquire and retain these two types of adaptive behaviors. The cerebellar-dependent features of the adaptation acquired normally will be contrasted with those governing adaptation when the cerebellum is dysfunctional. The cat paradigms will be used to asses the neuronal interactions occurring in the cerebellum underlying the acquisition as well as the execution of these two types of adaptive behaviors. Multiple single unit recording in functionally related regions of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei will elucidate the neuronal interactions within a specific sagittal zone during both the acquisition and performance of these adaptive behaviors, emphasizing those interactions related to the cerebellar-dependent features of the learning process. The findings will reveal important principles related to the learning of motor behaviors, the basis for certain functional abnormalities in cerebellar patients, and general mechanisms which may be invoked during recovery of motor function following ablative pathology in the central nervous system.