Migration, gender and health system responses in South Africa: A focus on the movement of healthcare users and workers

该项目将研究移徙和人口流动如何影响南非卫生系统，卫生系统如何应对和适应移徙和人口流动的结果，以及至关重要的是，性别如何与这些过程交叉。它将采用交叉的方法。这项研究将在南非进行，这个国家历史上一直面临着高水平的移民——向内、向外和向内。这项研究的重点是患者和卫生工作者进出南非的流动性以及与公共卫生系统的互动。它将涉及一系列创新的定性和定量研究方法的应用。具体而言，这项研究将涉及检查：a)南非境内、境内和境外医疗保健用户和工作人员的迁移水平；B)移民、非移民和流动医疗保健使用者以及移民和非移民卫生工作者的医疗保健经验；c)南非卫生系统如何应对这些用户和/或工人运动。鉴于人们日益认识到移民的性别性质和影响，本研究明确探讨了性别以及性别如何影响上述经历。我们将就南非和其他地方的卫生系统如何改进对移徙和人口流动（包括性别方面）的反应提出建议。它将包括一种利用社交媒体（WhatsApp）跟踪患者长期流动的创新方法，该方法将生成关于患者进出南非的流动如何与其卫生系统使用情况相互作用的新数据。与此同时，还对患者和卫生工作者进出南非流动的现有数据集进行了新的定量分析。具体来说，这一定量分析包括对南非旅游局边境调查的分析，以及有史以来第一次对患者流动性的分析，因为它是在南非政府和11个邻国之间的双边协议下监管的。

This project will examine how migration and population mobility affect the South African health system, how the health system responds and adapts as a result of migration and population mobility, and crucially, how gender intersects with these processes. It will adopt an intersectionality approach.The research will be undertaken in South Africa, a country that has historically faced high levels of migration - both inward, outward, and internal. The research focuses on mobility of patients and health workers into and out of South Africa and interactions with the public health system. It will involve the application of a range of innovative qualitative and quantitative research methods.Specifically, the research will involve examining: a) levels of migration of healthcare users and workers within, into, and out of South Africa; b) healthcare experiences of migrant, non-migrant and mobile healthcare users, and migrant and non-migrant health workers; and c) how the South African health system responds to these user and/or worker movements. Given the increasing recognition of the gendered nature and effects of migration, the research explicitly explores gender and how gender shapes the above experiences. We will develop recommendations for how the health system in South Africa, and elsewhere, could improve responses to migration and population mobility including gendered aspects.It will include an innovative method of tracking patient movement over time using social media (WhatsApp), which will generate new data on how movement by patients into and out of South Africa interacts with their health systems use. This is paired with a new quantitative analysis of existing data sets on movement of patients and health workers into and out of South Africa. Specifically, this quantitative analysis includes analysis of the Tourism South Africa border survey, and the first ever analysis of patient mobility as it is regulated under the bilateral agreements between the South African government and 11 neighbouring countries.