NEURAL BASIS OF TASTE ELICITED INGESTION AND REJECTION

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)： 这项建议的目标是确定大脑中的神经基质。 啮齿动物的后脑，味觉刺激通过它来引导进食行为。这个 对摄食行为的监管是极其复杂的，涉及广泛的 中枢神经系统的区域，但基本的调节功能 味觉判断从难吃的刺激中判断是在尾部完成的 脑干。解剖学研究表明，大脑中的多突触通路 网状结构作为大脑中脑的味觉区之间的界面。 孤束核和产生孤束核的运动核 摄取和排斥的消耗性反应。勾勒出这个地方 回路是了解前脑通路如何下行的先决条件 进一步影响完善功能。网状结构的特定细分 包括外侧小细胞区和中间区的结构是 假想为调节感觉运动协调的特定成分。这个 拟议的实验结合了几种技术，以进一步了解 这些网状区的连通性、神经化学和功能(1) 应用双标记免疫组织化学方法鉴定卵巢癌 神经递质的表型伴随着表达的增加 味觉刺激产生的即刻早期基因c-fos，(2)评估 中间神经元的连通性和神经化学表型 舌运动神经元和咀嚼运动神经元的特异池 利用两种基因的跨突触特性的标记技术 伪狂犬病病毒变异株，(3)测定 网状结构的小区域可逆性失活 对疑似患者微量输注利多卡因或拮抗剂 神经递质在摄取和排斥反应中的作用 口腔内刺激和测量的肌电图子集 舌肌、咀嚼肌和咽肌。慢性疾病，如肥胖， 高血压和神经性厌食症都与进食功能障碍有关。 了解基本生物学决定的神经学基础 摄取或拒绝食物将有助于这些慢性疾病的最终解决 使人衰弱的疾病。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted From The Applicant's Abstract): The objectives of this proposal are to determine the neural substrates in the rodent hindbrain through which gustatory stimuli guide ingestive behavior. The regulation of ingestive behavior is exceedingly complex, involving widespread regions of the central nervous system, but the basic regulatory function of taste to determine palatable from unpalatable stimuli is complete in the caudal brainstem. Anatomical studies suggest that polysynaptic pathways in the reticular formation serve as an interface between the gustatory region of the nucleus of the solitary tract and the oromotor nuclei that produce the consummatory responses of ingestion and rejection. Delineating this local circuitry is prerequisite to understanding how descending forebrain pathways further influence consummatory function. Specific subdivisions of the reticular formation including the lateral parvocellular and intermediate zones are hypothesized to mediate specific components of sensorimotor coordination. The proposed experiments combine several techniques to further understand the connectivity, neurochemistry and function of these reticular regions by (1) using double-labeling immunohistochemistry for identification of neurotransmitter phenotypes with concomitant increases in the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos produced by gustatory stimulation, (2) assessing the connectivity and neurochemical phenotype of interneurons with projections to specific pools of lingual and masticatory motorneurons assayed with double labeling techniques that use the transynaptic properties of two genetically altered strains of pseudorabies virus, (3) determining the effects of reversible inactivation of small regions of the reticular formation following microinfusions of either lidocaine or antagonists to suspected neurotransmitters in the circuitry on ingestion and rejection elicited with intraoral stimulation and measured electromyographically from a subset of lingual, masticatory and pharyngeal muscles. Chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, and anorexia nervosa all involve ingestive dysfunction. Understanding the neurological basis of the fundamental biological decision to ingest or reject food will contribute to the eventual solution of these chronic debilitating disorders.