BIRTH CERTIFICATE LINKAGE TO GROWTH & HEALTH MEASURES USING NHANESIII

第三次全国健康和营养调查（NHANESIII） 收集描述性数据、物理测量和生物医学样本 （血液和尿液）对一个代表性的美国儿童样本在两岁 从几个月到六年，对黑人和墨西哥人进行了过度采样 美国人 测量血清可替宁水平，并提供以下信息： 产前母亲吸烟。 NICHD支持获得出生 来自美国的证书将NHANESIII的广泛数据链接到 孩子的出生证明使用产前和出生信息。 这一联系的结果正在用于关于 以下：1）确定低出生体重或早产儿是否有 随后的健康状况不佳， 6岁以下儿童的代表性国家样本; 2）评估 民族/种族和社会经济因素对这些结果的影响; 3)为美国发展规范性增长和其他生物医学规模。 代表性人口，黑人和墨西哥裔美国儿童， 根据出生时的风险概况;以及4）进行比较 母亲和代理人报告的儿童出生时风险因素之间的差异 以及用于其他研究的实际测量值。 第一个发现包括以下几点：1）出生的显著影响 生长时的体重在前6岁时持续存在，P<0.001。 低出生体重儿（LBW）的相对不足和过度 对于高出生体重（HBW）的儿童， （长度和高度）和肌肉发达和瘦体重的措施， 皮下脂肪的测量。 对于长度/高度，上臂和大腿 肌肉面积，LBW儿童低于平均值0.5个标准差 对于正常体重（NBW）的儿童，直到6岁。 HBW儿童为0.4 高于平均值的标准差。 2)暴露于环境烟草 吸烟（ETS）约占呼吸道疾病发病率的40-60%， 2个月至5岁的儿童。ETS暴露增加了 2个月至2岁奥尔兹的慢性支气管炎和喘息以及哮喘 跨越所有年龄。 对于家庭接触， 每天20支以上的香烟。

The third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANESIII) collected descriptive data, physical measures, and biomedical samples (blood and urine) on a representative U.S. sample of children at ages two months through six years with over sampling for Blacks and Mexican Americans. Serum cotinine levels were measured and information on prenatal maternal smoking obtained. NICHD supported acquisition of birth certificates from the States to link the extensive data from NHANESIII to the child's birth certificate to use the prenatal and birth information. Results of the linkage are being used in research efforts on the following: 1) to determine if low birth weight or premature children have subsequent poor health as measured by biomedical markers in a representative national sample of children through age six; 2) to assess the effects of ethnic/racial and socioeconomic factors on these outcomes; 3) to develop normative growth and other biomedical scales for a U.S. representative population, and Black and Mexican-American children, according to a risk profile at birth; and 4) to develop comparisons between maternal and proxy reports of children's risk factors at birth and actual measurements for use in other studies. The first findings include the following: 1) Significant effects of birth weight on growth persist through the first six years of age at p<0.001. The relative deficits for low birth weight (LBW) children and excesses for high birth weight (HBW) children are larger for linear measures (length and height) and measures of muscularity and lean body mass than measures of subcutaneous fatness. For length/height, upper arm and thigh muscle areas, LBW children were 0.5 standard deviations below the mean for normal (NBW) weight children through age six. HBW children were 0.4 standard deviations above the mean. 2) Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) accounts for approximately 40-60% of respiratory morbidity in children ages 2 months to 5 years. ETS exposure increased the prevalence chronic bronchitis and wheezing among 2 months to 2 year olds and asthma across all ages. For household exposure, a consistent effect was seen only at 20+ cigarettes a day.