EFFECTS OF CHRONIC CONSUMPTION OF MEALS CONTAINING PLANT OR ANIMAL PROTEIN

对NIDDM和微量白蛋白尿患者来说，从植物和动物中获取蛋白质的饮食是否对肾脏和代谢有有益的影响？这是一项交叉研究，每个受试者都作为自己的对照，随机进食6周含动物（肉、奶）的膳食和6周含植物（大豆类产品）蛋白质的膳食。膳食将在GCRC准备，除了蛋白质来源外，营养相同，并将在家中食用。研究将在GCRC进行。受试者为24名男性和女性，年龄在35至75岁之间，患有NIDDM和微量白蛋白尿，接受饮食或饮食加口服抗糖尿病药物治疗。主要结局指标是a)空腹和餐后肾血流动力学（GFR， RPF）， 24小时尿尿素氮、白蛋白排泄率和肌酐；b)空腹总胆固醇、HDL-c、LDL-c、甘油三酯和餐后甘油三酯；c)胰岛素、葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白。还有氨基酸谱。为了确定植物蛋白饮食是否有益于NIDDM高风险个体的长期治疗，将分析饮食对禁食和餐后肾脏血流动力学、激素和氨基酸谱、脂质代谢以及AER的顺序变化的影响。

Will diets which derive their protein content from plant vs animal sources have beneficial renal and metabolic effects in individuals with NIDDM and microalbuminuria? This is a crossover study in which each subject serves as his/her own control by eating, in random order, 6 weeks of meals containing animal (meat, milk) and 6 weeks of plant (soy type products) protein. Meals will be prepared in the GCRC, will be nutritionally equivalent except for protein source, and will be eaten at home. Studies will be conducted in the GCRC. Subjects are 24 males and females between the ages of 35 and 75 with NIDDM and microalbuminuria, treated with diet or diet plus oral anti-diabetic medication(s). Main outcome measures are a) fasting and postprandial renal hemodynamics (GFR, RPF), 24-hr urines for urine urea nitrogen, albumin excretion rate, and creatinine; b) fasting total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triglyceride, and postprandial triglycerides; c) insulin, glucose, HbA1c. and amino acid profiles. To establish whether plant protein diets are beneficial in long term treatment of high risk individuals with NIDDM, data will be analyzed for dietary effects upon fasting and postprandial renal hemodynamics, hormonal and amino acid profiles, lipid metabolism, and sequential changes in AER.