ENVIRONMENTAL/BEHAVIORAL INTERACTIONS AND DRUG TAKING

这是对国家药物研究所继续提供支持的请求 虐待研究科学家奖。长期目标和具体目标 建议研究的重点是开发可泛化的 与环境和行为决定因素有关的知识 寻求毒品和吸毒，因为这些过程影响公共健康 与药物滥用和依赖有关的关切。 更具体地说，拟议的调查将强调试验性 对增强、区分和生理依赖的研究-- 滥用药物在实验动物和人类中的产生功能 志愿者参与者，特别提到最常见的 滥用阿片类药物、镇静剂、安眠药、抗焦虑药和刺激剂(例如， 海洛因、丁丙诺啡、苯二氮卓类、苯丙胺、可卡因)。两者都有 将研究静脉和口服给药途径，并 将对其分子作用机制进行研究。 还将进行调查，以确定急性和慢性 滥用这类药物对感觉和运动功能的影响 单独和组合，以培养适当的行为 实验室灵长类动物的毒性数据库。这些研究将涉及 动物心理物理方法的应用与推广 评价药物对听觉和视觉阈值、反应的影响 和元音辨别功能。 更多的研究将检查药物的决定因素和后果- 人类志愿者的寻找和药物摄取，重点是 在调节过程中涉及药物滥用(如酗酒)的家族史 生理、精神运动、主观和行为反应 大麻。和继续与巴尔的摩的合作项目 市卫生局和当地研究小组将延长这些药物的使用期限 滥用研究倡议进行新的研究，评估成本效益。 科学探究的这几个方面之间的相互关系 和拟议研究的长期目标，以加强 与药物依赖潜力和滥用倾向相关的知识库 是在统一的概念框架内理解的 整合多种交互作用的环境/行为模型 侧重于寻找毒品和吸毒的调查工作水平 作为公共卫生问题的关键方面。

This is a request for continued support of a National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Scientist Award. The long-term objectives and specific aims of the proposed research focus upon the development of generalizable knowledge relevant to the environmental and behavioral determinants of drug-seeking and drug-taking as these processes bear upon public health concerns related to drug abuse and dependence. More specifically, the proposed investigations will emphasize experimental studies of the reinforcing, discriminative, and physiological dependence- producing functions of drugs of abuse in laboratory animals and human volunteer participants with particular reference to the most commonly abused opioids, sedative"hypnotic"'anxiolytic, and stimulant agents (e.g., heroin, buprenorphine, benzodiazepines, amphetamines, cocaine). Both intravenous and oral routes of administration will be studied and molecular mechanisms of action will be investigated. Investigations will also be undertaken to determine the acute and chronic effects upon sensory and motor functions of such drugs of abuse both singly and in combination so as to develop an appropriate behavioral toxicity data base in laboratory primates. These studies will involve applications and extensions of animal psychophysical methods for assessment of drug effects upon auditory and visual thresholds, reaction times, and vowel discrimination functions. Additional studies will examine the determinants and consequences of drug- seeking and drug-taking in human volunteers with a focus upon the role of family history involving substance abuse (e.g., alcoholism) in modulating physiological, psychomotor, subjective, and behavioral responses to marijuana. And continuation of collaborative projects with the Baltimore City Health Department and local research groups will extend these drug abuse research initiatives to new studies assessing cost effectiveness. The interrelationships between these several aspects of scientific inquiry and the long-term objectives of the proposed research to enhance the knowledge base relevant to drug dependence potential and abuse liability is to be understood within the unifying conceptual framework of an environmental/behavioral model for integrating the multiple interacting levels of investigative effort focused upon drug-seeking and drug-taking as critical aspects of public health concern.