HIV RISK REDUCTION FOR WOMEN IN DRUG TREATMENT

描述：（申请人摘要） 接受药物治疗的妇女感染艾滋病毒的风险很高， 高风险性行为和高风险性环境往往与 获取和消费毒品;药物使用;生理脆弱性， 性传播疾病和艾滋病毒;以及社会、文化和经济 阻碍自我保护行为的障碍。 这 应用程序建议比较（1）行为技能培训（BST） 基于社会认知理论的艾滋病风险降低干预（2） 基于动机增强的减少艾滋病毒风险干预措施， 性别与权力理论;（3）控制教育计划， 生殖健康（RH）; 150名接受药物治疗的妇女将接受 每种情况下招募，并将在12个月内进行评估 出院后随访期。 假设这两种干预措施 与控制条件相比，将（1）增加关于 艾滋病毒/艾滋病，自我效能，对避孕套的态度，以及对社会 支持预防行为;（2）减少感知障碍， 避孕套的使用;（3）产生更多的避孕套兑换券的交换;（4） 增加使用安全套的性交比例 降低无保护的性行为的发生率;（5）降低 使用注射毒品的妇女共用针头。 BST干预 与ME干预和RH控制相比， 评估安全性行为谈判和拒绝高风险性行为的社会能力 通过角色扮演模拟。 与BST相比，ME干预 和生殖健康控制，将增加自我效能，态度，安全套的使用 预防行为的社会支持感知;（2）减少 认为避孕套使用存在障碍;（3）增加避孕套的交换 兑换券;（4）增加交往场合的比例 安全套保护，降低无保护性行为的发生率， 活动;（5）降低出院后药物再参与率。 通过实验评估两个理论驱动的艾滋病毒风险降低 干预并将两者与控制时间的条件进行比较， 历史，注意力和药物治疗的影响，这项研究 将试图为妇女确定一种切实可行的预防干预措施， 药物治疗并评估维持和推广12个月后 放电

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Women in drug treatment are at high risk for HIV-infection because of high risk sexual activities and high risk sexual contexts often related to obtaining and consuming drugs; drug use; physiological vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases and HIV; and social, cultural, and economic barriers which interfere with implementing self-protective behavior. This application proposes to compare (1) a Behavior Skills Training (BST) HIV-risk reduction intervention based on Social Cognitive Theory (2) an HIV-risk reduction intervention based on Motivational Enhancement (ME) and the Theory of Gender and Power; and (3) a control educational program in reproductive health (RH); One hundred fifty women in drug treatment will be recruited for each condition and will be evaluated during a 12 month follow-up period after discharge. Hypotheses are that both interventions compared to the control condition will (1) increase knowledge about HIV/AIDS, self-efficacy, attitudes toward condoms, and perceptions of social support for precautionary behavior; (2) decrease perceived barriers to condom use; (3) produce greater exchanges of condom redemption coupons; (4) increase the proportion of intercourse occasions which are condom-protected and decrease rates of unprotected sexual activity; and (5) decrease rates of needle-sharing among women who use injecting drugs. The BST intervention when compared with the ME intervention and the RH control, will improve social competency in safer sex negotiation and high risk refusal assessed through role play simulations. The ME intervention when compared with BST and the RH control, will increase self-efficacy, attitudes toward condom use perceptions of social support for precautionary behavior; (2) decrease perceived barriers to condom use; (3) produce greater exchanges of condom redemption coupons; (4) increase the proportion of intercourse occasions which are condom-protected and decrease rates of unprotected sexual activity; and (5) reduce rates of drug reinvolvement following discharge. By experimentally evaluating two theoretically driven HIV-risk reduction interventions and comparing both to a condition which controls for time, history, attention, and the effects of being in drug treatment, this study will attempt to identify a practical prevention intervention for women in drug treatment and assess maintenance and generalization for 12 months after discharge.