Manufactured nanoparticle bioavailability and environmental exposure (nanoBEE)

纳米蜜蜂联盟将利用经验数据开发和完善一个关键的模型子集，重点关注纳米材料(NMS)的暴露及其在环境中的生物利用度。这项研究的目的是：(A)为环境评估生成可控的和特征良好的NMS文库(B)证明软着陆的金簇提供适当的基准标记以在环境介质中的NMS的水生层析成像中实现角度分辨率(C)证明NM的环境改变过程可以根据聚集、溶解和表面修饰的程度来分类，并通过实验和计算描述这些改变后的NMS在环境区划之间的分配(D)建立反映水和食物暴露的NM生物有效性的改进的生物动力学模型，以及(E)验证NM对水生生物的影响的生物配基和模型。一个综合的计算和实验计划将使用电子显微镜、散射技术和光谱学来检查制造的NMS的环境化学；使用可追踪的NMS来量化模型水生物种的流入和流出速率，包括在营养链中；并使用毒理学终点的传统测量以及最新的分子(组学)方法来量化生物效应和确定新的毒性机制。这些信息将被输入到NMS类别的生物配体模型中，该模型输出预期的EC50和其他给定关于NM暴露和当地水化学的信息。通过与终端用户接触，该联盟将把其对NM身体负担和毒理学结果的预测与有助于监管决策的风险管理框架联系起来。

The nano-BEE consortia will develop and refine, using empirical data, a critical subset of models focused on exposure to nanomaterials (NMs) and their bioavailability in the environment. The objectives of this study are to (a) generate controlled and well-characterized NMs libraries for environmental assessment (b) prove that soft landed gold clusters provide suitable fiducial markers to enable angstrom resolution in aquatic tomography of NMs in environmental media (c) demonstrate that NM environmental modification processes can be classified by the extent of aggregation, dissolution and surface modification and to experimentally and computationally describe the partition of these modified NMs between environmental compartments (d) to develop modified biodynamic models for NM bioavailability that reflect both water and food exposures and (e) to validate biotic ligand models for NM effects on aquatic organisms. An integrated computational and experimental program will examine the environmental chemistry of manufactured NMs using electron microscopy, scattering techniques, and spectroscopy; use traceable NMs to quantify influx and efflux rates in model aquatic species, including in a trophic chain; and employ both conventional measures of toxicological endpoints as well as the latest molecular ('omics') methods to quantify biological effects as well as identify new mechanisms for toxicity. Such information will be input into biotic ligand models for NMs classes that output anticipated EC50 and other outcomes given information about NM exposure and local water chemistry. Through its engagement with end-users the consortia will link its predictions of NM body burdens and toxicological outcomes to risk management frameworks useful in regulatory decision-making.