[WATER]Quantifying base-line titanium oxide manufactured nanoparticle concentrations in the aquatic environment

[水]量化水生环境中氧化钛制造的纳米颗粒的基线浓度

• 批准号: NE/H018727/1
• 负责人: Jamie Lead
• 金额: $ 8.91万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Training Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FH018727%2F1
• 关键词: WATER; Quantifying; base; line; titanium

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are concerned with the nanoscale which is usually defined as being between 1 and 100 nm in size. The synthesis and use of nanoparticles and other nanomaterials (NMs) are significant parts of nanotechnology and there are clearly many economic, environmental and social benefits from the use of NMs as detailed in recent reports from Royal Society and Royal academy of Engineering and the Royal Commission for Environmental Pollution (http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm; http://www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm) in energy, in healthcare, consumer products and in other sectors. However, use of NMs, particularly on the vast scale at which is currently occurring and projected for the future, has led to concerns about human and environmental health effects from the bodies mentioned and from others such as the EU SCENIHR (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_012.pdf) and more widely e.g. Wiesner et al (2006), Owen and Handy (2007), Klaine et al (2008). Ideally, we require full exploitation of the benefits of nanotechnology while ensuring the environment is not adversely affected. An initial important step forward in determining environmental risk is the identification, quantification and characterisation of nanoparticles in real environmental systems. This issue is seen as important in policy terms; of the 19 Research Objectives (ROs) produced by the UK government (DEFRA's Nanotechnology Research Coordination Group http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/nanotech/research/pdf/nanoparticles-riskreport07.pdf), number 9 is: Optimise, develop and apply technologies that enable the measurement of exposure to nanoparticles in soil and water. Further, such issues were fully recognised at a recent international workshop co-organised by the applicants (Alvarez et al, 2009) where appropriate analysis and metrology was seen as perhaps the key bottleneck to advancing environmental nanoparticle research. Aims and Objectives The overall aim is to generate data on the likely concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in real environmental aquatic systems. Specific objectives are: 1) To synthesise a set of well controlled isotopically modified titania NPs which will be used as tracers in laboratory based experiments. 2) To characterise fully these and commercially obtained titania NPs. 3) To compare properties of natural and manufactured titania NPs. 4) To quantify total titanium and titania concentrations in laboratory and natural systems. 5) To estimate the concentrations of manufactured NPs using appropriate metrics.

纳米科学和纳米技术涉及纳米尺度，通常定义为1至100 nm的尺寸。纳米颗粒和其他纳米材料（NM）的合成和使用是纳米技术的重要部分，并且显然存在许多来自NM的使用的经济、环境和社会益处，如来自皇家学会和皇家工程学院以及皇家环境污染委员会的最近报告（http：//www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm; http：//www.nanotec.org.uk/finalReport.htm）在能源、医疗保健、消费品和其他部门中详细描述的。然而，纳米材料的使用，特别是目前正在发生和预计未来将发生的大规模使用，已经引起了上述机构和其他机构对人类和环境健康影响的担忧，这些机构包括欧盟《国际卫生健康标准》（http：//ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_scenihr/docs/scenihr_o_012.pdf），以及更广泛的机构，例如Wiesner等人（2006年）、Owen和Handy（2007年）、Klaine等人（2008年）。理想情况下，我们需要充分利用纳米技术的好处，同时确保环境不会受到不利影响。确定环境风险的最初重要步骤是识别、量化和表征真实的环境系统中的纳米颗粒。这一问题在政策方面被视为重要问题;在英国政府制定的19项研究目标（RO）中（DEFRA的纳米技术研究协调小组http：//www.defra.gov.uk/environment/nanotech/research/pdf/nanoparticles-riskreport07.pdf），第9项是：优化、开发和应用能够测量土壤和水中纳米颗粒暴露的技术。此外，这些问题在最近由申请人共同组织的国际研讨会（Alvarez等人，2009）中得到了充分认识，其中适当的分析和计量学被视为推进环境纳米颗粒研究的关键瓶颈。总体目标是生成关于二氧化钛纳米颗粒在真实的环境水生系统中的可能浓度的数据。具体目标是：1）合成一组良好控制的同位素改性的二氧化钛NP，其将在基于实验室的实验中用作示踪剂。2)为了证明这些和商业上获得的二氧化钛NP。3)比较天然和人造二氧化钛纳米颗粒的性质。4)量化实验室和自然系统中的总钛和二氧化钛浓度。5)使用适当的指标估计生产的NP的浓度。