INDOOR TANNING--YOUTH AND COMMUNITY PRACTICES

皮肤癌是美国最常见的恶性肿瘤，而且患病率还在上升。越来越多的证据表明，室内晒黑会增加患皮肤癌的风险，有理由相信，室内晒黑中的紫外线暴露类型可能会构成特别的风险。青少年在室内晒黑是一种常见的、高风险的、未被解决的行为。这种做法得到了关于晒黑的好处的强有力的社会规范的支持。事实上，由于皮肤类型的原因，风险最高的青少年可能最有可能购买室内日光浴。到目前为止，测试的降低皮肤癌风险的干预措施尚未涉及室内晒黑。减少青少年在室内晒黑的可能性的环境战略是一种很有希望的方法，可以补充教育倡议。我们提出了一项第二阶段的方法开发研究，以探索一种创新干预措施的可行性和有效性，通过增加对晒黑企业的限制的遵守，并减少青少年接触这些企业，来减少青少年室内晒黑。我们将对青少年、他们的父母、晒黑企业和公共卫生官员进行调查，并使用这些数据来开发和测试针对晒黑企业员工的干预措施。试点测试的主要结果将是制革企业的员工是否遵守制革企业的限制和要求，包括在未经父母许可的情况下限制接触未成年买家。正如其他高危行为所显示的那样，政策干预可以提供一致的环境障碍，增强更传统干预方法的有效性。这项研究在两个州(明尼苏达州和马萨诸塞州)进行，以反映各州在法规及其执行方面的差异，并增强结果的概括性。这项方法发展研究旨在为未来的干预试验提供基础，以确定减少青少年使用室内日光浴的政策干预的有效性。

Skin cancer is the most common form of malignancy in the U.S., and the prevalence is increasing. Evidence is growing to suggest that indoor tanning increases skin cancer risk, and there is reason to believe that the type of UV exposure in indoor tanning may pose a particular risk. Indoor tanning by adolescents is a common, high-risk and unaddressed behavior. This practice is supported by strong social norms about the benefits of having a tan. Indeed, adolescents at highest risk due to their skin type may be most likely to purchase indoor tanning sessions. Interventions to reduce skin cancer risk tested to date have not addressed indoor tanning. Environmental strategies to reduce the likelihood of indoor tanning by adolescents is a promising approach that may complement educational initiatives. We propose a Phase II methods development study to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of an innovative intervention to reduce adolescent indoor tanning by increasing compliance with restrictions on tanning businesses, and reducing adolescent access to those businesses. We will survey adolescents, their parents, tanning businesses and public health officials, and use those data to develop and test an intervention directed at tanning business employees. The primary outcomes of the pilot test will be whether employees of tanning businesses comply with the restrictions and requirements of tanning businesses, including restricting access to an underage buyer without parental permission. As shown for other high-risk behaviors, policy interventions can provide a consistent environmental barrier that enhances the effectiveness of more traditional intervention approaches. This study is conducted in two states (Minnesota and Massachusetts) to reflect between state differences in regulations and their enforcement, and to enhance the generalizability of the results. This Methods Development study is designed to provide the basis for a future intervention trial to determine the efficacy of policy interventions to reduce adolescent use of indoor tanning.