NEURAL BASES OF PERCEPTUAL FILLING IN: VISUAL CORTEX

局灶性癫痫代谢损害的MRI和MRI研究 光谱学（惠特克基金会） 简介：高达20%的局灶性癫痫患者（约 400，000在美国）未能响应抗癫痫药物。 目前，这些难治性患者中只有不到三分之一的人 被认为是高效手术的候选人， 癫痫集中因为术前评估是昂贵的， 不准确，而且经常是侵入性的（因此是有风险的）。 还认为 癫痫发作可诱发脑组织继发性神经元功能障碍 远离原发性癫痫病灶 方法：采用定量MRSI（Core Project I）和MRI（Core Project I）， 项目四）方法，确定MR措施的最优组合 用于定位致痫性发作病灶。 结果：早期研究表明， 并且弛豫法是高度灵敏和特异的。 的患者中 通过手术消除癫痫发作，恢复正常代谢， 在手术后一年观察了MRI测量， 手术前检测到继发性神经元功能障碍。 讨论：无创性的高敏感性和特异性 MRSI和MRI用于癫痫发作病灶的定位， 降低术前评估的成本和风险， 更难治的患者进行有效的手术治疗。 当 实施头部梯度线圈和快速成像（核心项目IV 和II），然后在4.1T下进行容量测定、扩散和灌注测量 将常规纳入方案中。 从这个完整的MR 方案，将确定最佳组合。

Metabolic Lesions in Focal Epilepsy Studied by MRI and Spectroscopy (Whitaker Foundation) Introduction: Up to 20% of focal epilepsy patients (about 400,000 in the USA) fail to respond to anti-epileptic medication. Fewer than one-third of these refractory patients are currently considered candidates for the highly effective surgery to resect the seizure focus because the presurgical evaluation is costly, inaccurate, and often invasive (thus risky). It is also thought that seizures may induce secondary neuronal dysfunction in brain tissue remote from the primary seizure focus. Methods: Using quantitative MRSI (Core Project I) and MRI (Core Project IV) methods, determine the optimal combination of MR measures for localization of the epileptogenic seizure focus. Results: Early studies indicate that a combination of 1H MRSI and relaxometry is highly sensitive and specific. In patients whose seizures are eliminated by surgery, recovery of normal metabolism and MRI measures has been observed one year after surgery in tissue with secondary neuronal dysfunction detected before the surgery. Discussion: The high sensitivity and specificity of noninvasive MRSI and MRI for localization of the epileptogenic seizure focus could reduce the cost and risk of presurgical evaluation and could qualify more refractory patients for effective surgical treatment. When the head gradient coil and rapid imaging are implemented (Core Projects IV and II), then volumetry, diffusion, and perfusion measurements at 4.1T will be routinely included in the protocol. From this full MR protocol, an optimal combination will be determined.