UNUSUAL POST SPECIES EVOLUTION OF MHC CLASS I LOCI IN NEW WORLD PRIMATES

目的探讨新人类免疫缺陷综合征（New人类免疫缺陷综合征，New 世界灵长类动物 结果人主要氨基酸的同源物 组织相容性复合体（MHC）HLA-A、-B、-E、-F和-G基因座是 存在于所有卡鼻兽（旧大陆灵长类、猿和人类）中， 它们的一些等位基因谱系在几次物种形成中幸存下来 事件 7个不同属26个MHC Ⅰ类基因的分析 新世界灵长类动物的研究表明， 绒猴）是MHC稳定性规则的例外。 在基因 灵长类动物MHC I类基因树，来自Callitrichinae 在一个特定的属的方式集群，而在其他属的 新大陆的灵长类，比如卡鼻猴， transgenic方式 讨论： Callitrichinae的cDNA序列表明，它们之间没有同源性， 在这一系统群的属中的I类基因座。 另夕h Callitrichinae属显示它们的MHC I类的有限变异性 基因，与所有其他基因显示的高变异性相反， 灵长类动物 因此，每一个Callitrichinae属都有自己的一套 MHC I类基因，这表明，异常高的比率， 基因座的更替发生在该亚家族中。 有限的可变性 Callitrichinae中的MHC I类基因可能是 这些地点的最近起源。 这些数据将 促进对新世界免疫遗传学的理解 灵长类动物 其中一些物种是重要的动物模型， 人类疾病（即溃疡性结肠炎和多发性硬化症）。 关键 词语MHC，1D IEF，PBL FUNDING NIH RR00167，DK44886出版物 Cadavid，LF，Shufflebotham，C，Ruiz，FJ，Yeager，M，Hughes，AL，和 D.I. Watkins 1998. MHC类的不寻常的物种后进化 在新大陆灵长类动物中。 Proc. Natl. Acad. 科学，美国 94：14536 - 14541。

OBJECTIVE To determine the nature of the MHC class I loci in New World Primates. RESULTS Homologues of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) HLA-A, -B, -E, -F, and -G loci are present in all the Catarrhini (Old World primates, apes, and humans), and some of their allelic lineages have survived several speciation events. Analysis of 26 MHC class I cDNAs from seven different genera of New World primates revealed that the Callitrichinae (tamarins and marmosets) are an exception to these rules of MHC stability. In gene trees of primate MHC class I genes, sequences from the Callitrichinae cluster in a genus-specific fashion, whereas in the other genera of New World primates, as in the Catarrhini, they cluster in a transgeneric way. DISCUSSION The genus-specific clustering of the Callitrichinae cDNAs indicates that there is no orthology between MHC class I loci in genera of this phyletic group. Additionally, the Callitrichinae genera exhibit limited variability of their MHC class I genes, in contrast to the high variability displayed by all other primates. Each Callitrichinae genus, therefore, expresses its own set of MHC class I genes, suggesting that an unusually high rate of turnover of loci occurs in this subfamily. The limited variability of MHC class I genes in the Callitrichinae is likely the result of the recent origin of these loci. FUTURE DIRECTIONS These data will facilitate an understanding of the immunogenetics of New World Primates. Several of these species are important animal models for human diseases (i.e. ulcerative colitis and multiple sclerosis). KEY WORDS MHC, 1D IEF, PBL FUNDING NIH RR00167, DK44886 PUBLICATIONS Cadavid, LF, Shufflebotham, C, Ruiz, FJ, Yeager, M, Hughes, AL, and D.I. Watkins. 1998. Unusual post-species evolution of the MHC class I loci in New World primates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 94:14536-14541.