EFFECT OF INULIN CONSUMPTION ON VARIOUS ASPECTS OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

这项研究将测量短期摄入菊粉对血脂浓度、铁、镁和钙吸收、结肠发酵、糖耐量和胰岛素反应的影响。菊粉是从菊苣中分离出来的，是碳水化合物果糖的一种天然储存低聚体，存在于许多植物中，如洋葱、大蒜、洋蓟和菊苣。为了确定商业上可获得的菊粉的生理效果，12名年龄在35-50岁的男性受试者每天摄入不含菊粉或15克菊粉的受控饮食。受试者将完成关于他们对饮食的主观反应的每日问卷调查。每3周结束时进行血脂测定，包括血清胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B。在这些样本中，钙、镁和铁的吸收将通过测定粪便和尿液损失来测量。从5天的粪便收集，粪便湿重和干重，粪便pH值，通过时间，粪便短链脂肪酸，粪便胆汁酸和中性类固醇，粪便酶测定。最后收集的新鲜粪便将用于细菌菌群的测量，包括总厌氧菌、双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、类杆菌、梭状芽孢杆菌和大肠菌群(IMVIC系列)。最后，糖耐量测试和胰岛素反应将在每种饮食的第三周进行测量。

This study will measure the effects of short-term consumption of inulin on blood lipid concentrations, iron, magnesium, and calcium absorption, fermentation in the colon, and glucose tolerance and insulin response. Inulin is isolated from chicory and is a naturally occuring storage oligomer of the carbohydrate fructose found in many plants, such as onion, garlic, artichoke, and chicory. To determine the physiological effects of a commercially-available inulin, twelve male subjects, ages 35-50 years, will consume controlled diets containing either no inulin or 15 grams of inulin per day. Subjects will complete daily questionnaires on their subjective responses to the diet. At the end of each 3 week period, the following measurements will be completed: blood lipids, including serum cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, serum triglycerides, Apo A1, and Apo B. During the third week of each 3 week period, 5 day composites of feces and urine will be collected. In these samples, calcium, magnesium and iron absorption will be measured by determining fecal and urinary losses. From the 5 day fecal collection, fecal wet weight and dry weight, fecal pH, transit time, fecal short chain fatty acids, fecal bile acids and neutral steroids, an fecal enzymes will be measured. A final fresh fecal collection will be used for measurement of bacterial flora including total anaerobes, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, enterococci, bacteroides, clostridia and coliforms (IMVIC series). Finally, glucose tolerance tests and insulin response will be measured in during the third week of each diet.