IMPACT OF MALNUTRITION ON FLUORIDE PHARMACOLOGY

公共供水中氟化物的防龋效果是 众所周知，并导致在这方面广泛使用氟化物， 以及在各种其他递送系统中， 预防龋齿。 也知道摄入 在儿童时期牙齿的氟化物过量 氟牙症的形成可能会导致氟牙症的发展。 额外 报告指出，营养不足的存在， 增加氟斑牙的患病率和严重程度， 也有助于氟骨症的发展。 然而，在这方面， 几乎没有关于人类研究的信息， 营养不足对任何其他可能的药理学或遗传毒性 氟化物的影响。 鉴于氟化物的广泛使用以及 世界各地都存在营养不足的问题， 需要信息来允许和确保安全的公共卫生使用 氟化物预防龋齿。 这项调查的长期目标是提供必要的 允许和确保氟化物的安全公共卫生使用的信息， 预防龋齿。 本次调查的具体目标是 确定：（1）慢性营养不良之间的关系 以及氟牙症和氟骨症的患病率/严重程度 摄入过量氟化物;以及（2）如果营养不足 加剧氟化物对人体的任何药理学或遗传毒性作用 长期过量接触氟化物 调查将 涉及中华人民共和国和厄瓜多尔的人口群体 他们有各种营养不良和氟化物的组合 不同程度地暴露于饮用水或环境空气中。 收集的数据将包括氟斑牙和龋齿患病率， 营养状况，氟骨症，尿氟含量， 血液，以及广泛的化学，电解质和淋巴细胞SCE测定， 血 这些研究的结果将有助于发展或 完善目前关于安全使用公共卫生 氟化

The cariostatic efficacy of fluoride present in communal water supplies is well-known and has resulted in the widespread use of fluoride in this manner, as well as in a variety of other delivery systems, for the prevention of dental caries. It is also known that the ingestion of excessive amounts of fluoride during the childhood period of tooth formation may result in the development of dental fluorosis. Additional reports have indicated that the presence of nutritional inadequacies serves to increase both the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and may also contribute to the development of skeletal fluorosis. However, virtually no information exists from human studies regarding the impact of nutritional inadequacies on any other possible pharmacologic or genotoxic effects of fluoride. In view of the widespread use of fluoride as well as the existence of nutritional inadequacies throughout the world, additional information is needed to permit and assure the safe public health use of fluoride for caries prevention. The long-term objective of this investigation is to provide necessary information to permit and assure the safe public health use of fluoride to prevent caries. The specific objectives of this investigation are to determine: (1) the relationship between chronic nutritional inadequacies and the prevalence/severity of dental and skeletal fluorosis associated with excessive fluoride ingestion; and (2) if nutritional inadequacies exacerbate any pharmacologic or genotoxic effects of fluoride in persons having chronic, excessive fluoride exposure. The investigation will involve population groups in The People's Republic of China and in Ecuador who have various combinations of nutritional inadequacies and fluoride exposure of varying degrees from either drinking water or ambient air. Collected data will include dental fluorosis and caries prevalence, nutritional status, skeletal fluorosis, fluoride content of urine and blood, and extensive chemical, electrolyte, and lymphocyte SCE assays of blood. The results of these studies will be useful in developing or refining current guidelines regarding the safe public health use of fluoride.