Seismically-induced landslides in Chile: New tools for hazard assessment and disaster prevention

山体滑坡是与强烈地震有关的死亡和破坏的主要来源，特别是在山区。预测地震引起的滑坡的分布和影响是地球科学中最大的挑战之一。地震作用下边坡的行为异常复杂，取决于地质、地貌、岩土和地震等因素。本项目旨在确定智利强震期间滑坡发生的主要特征，提高对其力学、空间分布和控制因素的理解，为开发地震诱发滑坡危害评估方法获得可量化的投入。这将通过编制和分析智利两次地震（2007年ays<s:1>和2010年Maule）的清单来实现，并与国外滑坡清单进行比较；在英国开展实验室测试计划，以更好地了解地震边坡破坏的力学原因；并将这些结果应用于开发一种评估智利斜坡地震稳定性的方法。新方法将在圣地亚哥地区进行验证，该地区是该国人口最多的地区，最近发现了一条活动断层（San Ramón断层）。产出将包括科学出版物、高级人力资源培训以及适用于该国城市/领土规划和自然灾害预防战略的危险评估新技术。

Landslides are a major source of fatalities and damage related with strong earthquakes, particularly in mountain areas. Forecasting the distribution and impact of landslides induced by earthquakes is one of the greatest challenges in the earth sciences. The behavior of slopes during seismic excitation is exceptionally complex, being dependent upon geological, geomorphological, geotechnical and seismological factors. This project aims to identify the main characteristics of landslide occurrence during strong earthquakes in Chile, improving the understanding of their mechanics, spatial distribution and controlling factors, obtaining quantifiable inputs for the development of a methodology for earthquake-induced landslide hazard assessment. This will be achieved through compiling and analyzing inventories for two Chilean earthquakes (Aysén 2007 and Maule 2010) to be compared with foreign landslide inventories; running a laboratory testing scheme in UK for better understanding of the mechanical causes of seismic slope failure; and applying those results on the development of a method for assessing the seismic stability of slopes in Chile. The new methodology will be verified in the Santiago region, which presents the highest population of the country and where an active fault has been recently discovered (San Ramón Fault). The outputs will include scientific publications, advanced human resource training as well as a new technique of hazard assessment applicable to urban/territorial planning and natural disaster prevention strategies in the country.