A Decision Framework for Integrated Green Grey Infrastructure (IGGIframe)

人们越来越认识到，在我们的城镇中增加绿色空间对人类和环境都有好处，使其成为人类和野生动物生活的更健康、更美好的地方。城市和城镇的绿化还可以帮助我们适应气候变化的压力，并且通常可以使英国经济受益，例如节省议会和水务公司的资金-从而为我们所有人都依赖的其他服务提供更多资源。大多数对绿色基础设施的强调都集中在建筑物和建筑物之间的绿色空间，如公园和城市树木。例如，绿色屋顶和雨水花园在我们的城市景观中越来越普遍，这可以节省资金，同时改善环境。这些多功能的好处是如此的重要，以至于英国和世界各地的政府都在大力推动，鼓励在城市地区使用绿色基础设施方法，而不是传统的灰色方法。然而，我们城市和城镇的某些部分必须保持灰色，如道路，铁路，桥梁，周边围栏，花园墙，海防和污水排放管道。但如果我们也能绿化这些线性基础设施系统的绿色部分，为关键物种提供更多的栖息地，并为我们和其他物种改善环境质量，会怎么样呢？这涉及增强硬基础设施提供的“多功能”或“生态系统服务”-这意味着使我们的灰色基础设施能够为社会发挥不止一种作用。如果我们的人行桥也可以作为老鼠的走廊呢？或者我们的海堤可以为像鲈鱼这样的商业鱼类提供栖息地？像这样的解决方案实现了多功能性，可以帮助政府进一步扩大资金来源，同时使我们的城市和城镇更加绿色。 该项目将英国案例研究打包成一个工具包，展示了绿色灰色资产的最佳实践范例。该工具包可用于组织，如自然英格兰，环境局，苏格兰环境保护局和威尔士自然资源，以了解和目前的成本和效益应用绿色基础设施的原则，以硬基础设施，如桥梁和河口墙。使用该工具包将使他们能够为应用这些新想法赢得高级别的支持。我们将创建的工具包还将通过提供框架和案例研究来演示为什么以及如何这样做，从而帮助景观设计公司等小型企业生成新项目。大型咨询和工程公司（如奥雅纳和莫特麦克唐纳）也将受益于这一工具，因为他们可以更好地推销机会，公司成本，设计标准和成功的跟踪记录，包括住房和码头开发商的潜在客户。它还将为他们（及其客户）节省资金，因为他们可以参考该项目的框架和案例研究，而不必逐个项目搜索这些信息。

Increasing the amount of green space in our cities and towns is increasingly recognised as good for people and the environment, making it a healthier and nicer place for people and wildlife to live. Greening of our cities and towns can also help us adapt to the stresses of climate change and can often benefit the UK economy such as by saving councils and water companies money - thus providing more resources for other services we all depend on. Most of the emphasis on green infrastructure has focussed on buildings and the green spaces between them like parks and urban trees. For example, green roofs and rain gardens are increasingly common features in our urban landscape, which can save money and improve the environment at the same time. These multifunctional benefits are so significant that there is a big push by governments in the UK and worldwide to encourage the use of green infrastructure approaches over traditional grey methods in urban areas, where possible.However, some parts of our cities and towns must remain grey such as roads, railways, bridges, perimeter fencing, garden walls, sea defences and sewage outfall pipes. But what if we could also green parts of these linear infrastructure systems, to provide more habitat for key species and to improve the quality of the environment for us and other species? This involves enhancing the 'multifunctionality' or 'ecosystem services' provided by hard infrastructure - which means enabling our grey infrastructure to perform more than one role for society. What if our foot bridges can also act as corridors for door mice? Or our seawalls can provide habitat for animals that commercial fish like sea bass eat? Solutions like these enable multifunctionality and can help stretch the government's purse further and make our cities and towns greener at the same time. This project packages UK case studies that showcase best practice examples of greening our grey assets into a toolkit. The toolkit can be used by organisations such as Natural England, the Environment Agency, the Scottish Environmental Protection Agency and Natural Resources Wales to understand and present the costs and benefits of applying green infrastructure principles to hard infrastructure like bridges and estuary walls. Using the toolkit will enable them to win high-level support for applying these novel ideas. The toolkit we will create will also help small businesses such as landscape architecture firms generate new projects by providing a framework and case studies to demonstrate why and how to do this. Larger consultancy and engineering firms (e.g. Arup and Mott MacDonald) will also benefit from this tool, as they can better pitch opportunities, with firm costs, design criteria and a track record of success to prospective clients including housing and marina developers. It will also save them (and their clients) money as they can refer to the framework and case studies from this project, rather than having to search for this information on a project-by-project basis.