Sustainable Use of Natural Resources to Improve Human Health and Support Economic Development (SUNRISE)

在全球范围内，在气候变化的背景下，人类社会面临着实现自然资源可持续利用的挑战，为不断增长的人口提供食物、燃料、水和便利设施。最根本的是，这将需要在不威胁环境支持后代的能力的情况下实现粮食和水供应安全。日益城市化和富裕的人口正在推动对粮食、水、土地和其他自然资源的需求不断增长和变化，并导致环境退化。这些需求与气候变化及其相关的自然灾害相结合，是制定联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs, 2015）的关键考虑因素。可持续发展目标带来的挑战需要长期的国家规模的基于研究的解决方案。SUNRISE旨在通过提供改善更广泛环境管理所需的证据和建议，减少环境风险，改善环境质量，提高食物、水和其他自然资源供应的可靠性，从而改善生计和福祉。SUNRISE将解决中国、印度、印度尼西亚/马来西亚、肯尼亚和撒哈拉以南非洲其他国家的当地问题和研究需求，并解决可持续发展目标1、2、3、6、13和15。SUNRISE的研究主题是已批准的国家-官方发展援助基金会奖的基础，目前正在开展的活动包括：(1)发展水文气候服务，以改善水资源管理以及水旱预报和防备；(2)恢复和修复退化的资源和环境，改善人民健康和经济安全；(3)管理土地资源，确保环境的可持续性和经济的增长和弹性。这些将与国内伙伴和利益攸关方合作制定和实施，以解决其最紧迫的环境需求。水文气候服务是将当前和潜在未来水文条件的数据和知识转化为信息的工具和方法，将为更好地制定水政策、规划、管理和决策提供信息。科学挑战是调整CEH的模型和理解，使其在数据稀疏区域的不确定性达到可接受的水平。为了应对这一挑战，我们将提高英国的研究能力，并提供工具、方法和评估，以减少极端事件对人们及其生计的影响，并提高人们、牲畜和企业日常供水的可靠性和弹性。恢复和补救办法需要进行研究，以了解和量化造成环境退化的关键因素和过程，以及缓解措施所依赖的关键因素和过程。这一主题将通过确定在系统恢复过程中影响恢复速度和稳定性的关键因素，以及恢复后的系统对未来变化的适应能力，来填补知识空白。在调查现实世界情况下的这一知识差距时，这些发现将促进科学知识的发展，并为印度、中国、印度尼西亚、马来西亚和肯尼亚需要但具有全球相关性的新政策和管理方法提供信息。可持续地提高农业生产力显然是粮食供应的优先事项，也是减轻贫困的途径，特别是对全球83%依赖小农农业的农业人口而言。小农农业的生产力往往不如预期：我们将与当地农学家合作，通过小农土地、水和牲畜管理的多样化，研究实现生态集约化的新方法，以提高生产力、复原力和可持续性。

Globally, human societies face a burgeoning challenge of achieving sustainable use of natural resources to provide food, fuel, water and amenities for an increasing population under the context of climate change. At its most fundamental, this will require achieving food and water security of supply without threatening the ability of the environment to support future generations. An increasingly urbanized and wealthy population is driving a growing and changing demand for food, water, land and other natural resources and contributing to environmental degradation. These demands combined with climate change, and its associated natural hazards, were critical considerations in the development of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs, 2015). The challenges posed by the SDGs require long term national scale research-based solutions. SUNRISE seeks to improve livelihoods and wellbeing through reduced environmental risk, improved environmental quality and improved reliability of the supply of food, water and other natural resources by providing the evidence and advice needed to improve management of the wider environment. SUNRISE will address local issues and research needs in China, India, Indonesia / Malaysia, Kenya and other countries in sub Saharan Africa and address SDGs 1, 2, 3, 6, 13 and 15.SUNRISE builds on the research themes that formed the basis of the approved NC-ODA Foundation Award with activity currently in progress: (1) developing hydro-climate services for improved water resource management and flood and drought forecasting and preparedness; (2) restoration and remediation of degraded resources and environments to improve people's health and economic security, and; (3) management of land resources to ensure environmental sustainability and economic growth and resilience. These will be developed and delivered in partnership with in-country partners and stakeholders to address their most pressing environmental needs. Hydro-climate services are tools and methods that translate data and knowledge of current and potential future hydrological conditions into information that will inform better water policy, planning, management and decision-making. The science challenge is to adapt CEH's models and understanding to perform at an acceptable level of uncertainty in data sparse regions. In meeting this challenge we will both advance UK research capabilities and provide tools, methodologies and assessments to reduce the impact of extreme events on people and their livelihoods and increase the reliability and resilience of water supplies for people, livestock and businesses on a day to day basis.Restoration and remediation options require research aimed at understanding and quantifying the key factors and processes that cause environmental degradation and upon which mitigation measures rely. This theme will seek to fill a knowledge gap by determining the key factors that affect the rate and stability of recovery as systems are restored, and the resilience of restored systems to future change. In investigating this knowledge gap in real-world situations the findings will advance science knowledge and inform new policy and management approaches needed in India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia and Kenya but with global relevance.Increasing agricultural productivity sustainably is a clear priority both for food provision and also as a pathway to alleviating poverty, particularly for the 83% of the global agricultural population who rely on smallholder agriculture. Small holder agriculture is often not as productive as it could be: working with local agronomists we will investigate new approaches to achieve ecological intensification, through diversification of smallholder land, water and livestock management to deliver improved productivity, resilience and sustainability.