Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF)

地球观测(EO)是在全球重要尺度上理解陆地、海洋、淡水、冰冻圈和大气过程的重要工具。随着全球EO平台和传感器阵列的迅速增加，这些数据带来了巨大的科学和商业机会。许多地球同步轨道依赖于卫星对地球反射或发射的电磁辐射的测量。这些空间数据需要对照光谱的当地实地观测进行仔细的解释，以便最好地提取与地球环境有关的信息。NERC的场谱设备(FSF)将支持这一过程，为英国科学提供场谱操作、技术创新和财务效率方面的关键质量。FSF将通过为社区提供直接访问先进的光谱仪器、校准设施以及现场支持和建议来支持跨环境科学领域的EO分析。森林论坛将支持开发从遥感光谱测量中估计环境参数的技术，并支持近地、航空和卫星地球观测数据的地面验证和校准。FSF还将支持支持光谱解释的相关和关键的国际活动。FSF的国家能力与其独特的仪器专业知识、直接访问实验室/校准设施、实地工作后勤支持、高质量培训和可供借用的设备相结合。FSF将提供一个独特的设施，不仅为英国科学家提供设备，还为从方法开发到现场支持再到数据分析的所有项目阶段提供培训、光学实验室准入和指导。FSF将为用户提供成为现场光谱技术专家的培训，以了解他们正在进行的测量、他们正在使用的设备，以及如何最大限度地利用他们的实地工作和数据。FSF致力于向广大用户社区提供这种科学支持，从领导光谱技术开发的EO专家到需要支持以解释和分析EO数据以解决其科学问题的环境科学家。FSF将吸引和支持来自陆地、海洋和大气领域的社区，以及来自野外生物学、生态学、土地利用、生物地球化学、气象学、大气化学、火山学、冰冻圈、海洋科学等学科的社区。FSF将托管和支持一批供英国科学界使用的现代化、现场就绪的仪器：现场光谱辐射计、开放路径FTIR光谱仪、跟踪和手持式太阳光度计以及水下光学传感器套件。FSF将提供一个直接访问的光学校准实验室，为用户提供按照可追溯的国家标准校准和表征其设备的能力。这些设施还将允许FSF进行“内部”研究和开发，优化光谱仪系统性能，生产新的方法和工具来支持NERC的科学家。FSF对其设备及其物理测量有先进的了解，使FSF能够让用户更深入地了解数据、它们的局限性以及如何最好地利用它们。FSF还将支持NCEO仪器的校准和相关NCEO NC科学的实施。FSF的目标将是最大限度地获得其资源，并因此支持影响最大的科学。

Earth Observation (EO) is an essential tool for understanding terrestrial, marine, freshwater, cryospheric and atmospheric processes at globally significant scales. There are enormous scientific and commercial opportunities arising from these data as the global array of EO platforms and sensors increases rapidly. Much EO relies on satellite measurements of electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted by the Earth. These space data require careful interpretation against local field observations of spectra in order to best extract the information pertaining to Earth's environment. NERC's Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF) will support this process, providing a critical mass in field spectroscopic operation, technical innovation and financial efficiency for UK science. FSF will underpin EO analysis across environmental science domains by providing direct community access to advanced spectroscopic instruments, calibration facilities, and field support and advice. FSF will support the development of techniques to estimate environmental parameters from remotely sensed spectral measures, and for the ground validation and calibration of near-earth, airborne and satellite EO data. FSF will also support relevant and critical international activities that underpin spectroscopic interpretation. FSF national capability is linked to its unique combination of instrument expertise, direct access laboratory/calibration facilities, field work logistics support, high quality training and equipment for loan. FSF will provide a unique facility, supplying UK scientists not only with equipment, but with the training, optical laboratory access and guidance at all project stages, from methods development to in-field support through to data analysis. FSF will provide users with training to be experts in field spectroscopy techniques, to understand the measurements they are making, the equipment they are using, and how to get the most out of their fieldwork and data. FSF is committed to delivering this science support to a broad user community, from EO experts who lead spectroscopic technique development, to environmental scientists who need support to interpret and analyse EO data to address their science. FSF will engage and support communities from terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric domains, and across disciplines from field biology, ecology, land use, biogeochemistry, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, volcanology, cryosphere, marine science among others. FSF will host and support a pool of modern, field-ready instruments for use by the UK science community: field spectroradiometers, an open path FTIR spectrometer, tracking and handheld sun photometers and an underwater optical sensor suite. FSF will provide a direct access optical calibration laboratory, providing users with the capability to calibrate and characterise their equipment to traceable national standards. These facilities will also allow FSF to conduct 'in-house' research and development, optimising spectrometer system performance, to produce new methods and tools to support NERC scientists. FSF has advanced understanding of its equipment and their physical measurements, allowing FSF to give its users more insight into data, their limitations and how they can best be utilised. FSF will also support calibration of NCEO instrumentation and implementation of relevant NCEO NC science. The goal for FSF will be to maximise access to its resources and to support the highest impact science as a result.