Landslide Mitigation Informatics (LIMIT): Effective decision-making for complex landslide geohazards.

山体滑坡或山体滑坡的威胁会造成严重的经济破坏，并对生命构成威胁。相对较小的事件可以影响广泛的地区，特别是在主要道路网络稀疏，改道和改道范围有限的地方。降雨触发了英国的大多数滑坡，并且存在国家级的24小时预报（用于应急响应机构），但是在特定地点的持续时间和强度的组合引发了斜坡破坏，以及为什么类似的事件并不总是导致相同的事件/无事件结果，这些都存在不确定性。这些知识差距至关重要，因为必须积极做出决策，警告（或关闭）公路和铁路等线性基础设施的用户，以节省生命和成本。由于缺乏特异性，再加上传统上利用已知“风险”地点的高成本，阻碍了关键当局及其合作伙伴的有效决策。因此，环境的许多重要组成部分没有事先监测，也没有在大尺度/高分辨率（空间和时间）的基础上监测。LIMIT将利用和开发下一代低成本、低功耗集成网络（以及网络的网络）传感器，结合边缘处理和基于多阈值触发的关键数据流，在接近实时的情况下，允许基于先进故障力学理论的决策。其结果是提供了低成本、覆盖范围广的数据，这些数据可以分析环境状态，并以比以前更高的空间和时间分辨率预测未来的行为，并集成到从站点到决策者的无缝“数据链”中。基于基础过程科学的数据和关键衍生通过智能分层平台自动摄取/共享到新构建的数字环境中。产出适合国家数据集和建模；决策者决定利用传感器网络监测长期环境变化带来的不断变化的风险；负责实时管理严重生命威胁的业务决策者；直到数据提供和与风险个体的双向接触。创新的低成本、原位近实时数据流/处理传感器灵活地连接到具有自动报告的集成门户，为最终用户的挑战提供了可行的变革性解决方案。LIMIT可行性研究将产生新的经过现场验证的智能监测信息，以先进的破坏力学理论为基础，为边坡破坏发生的可能性增加和实时发生提供关键数据。

Landslides or the threat of landslides can cause significant economic disruption and pose a risk to life. Relatively small events can affect wide areas, particularly where the primary road network is sparse and there is limited scope for rerouting and diversion. Rainfall triggers the majority of landslides in the U.K. and national level 24-hr forecasts exist (for emergency response agencies), but there is uncertainty surrounding what combination(s) of duration and intensity trigger slope failures on a site specific level and why similar events do not always lead to the same event/no-event outcome. These knowledge gaps are critical where decisions must actively be made to warn users of (or close) linear infrastructure such as roads and rail in order to saves lives and costs. This lack of specificity, combined with the high costs of traditionally instrumenting known 'at risk' locations, hinders effective decision-making for key authorities and their partners. As a result many essential components of the environment are not monitored in advance, or on a wide-scale / high-resolution (spatial and temporal) basis. LIMIT will make use of and develop the next generation of low-cost and low-power integrated network (and networks of networks) sensors combined with edge processing and multi-threshold trigger based streaming of key data in near real-time to allow decisions underpinned by advanced theories of failure mechanics. The result is low cost, wide coverage provision of data that analyses the state of the environment and forecasts future behaviour at higher spatial and temporal resolutions than previously possible, integrated into a seamless 'data chain' from site to decision-makers. Data and key derivations based on fundamental process science are automatically ingested/shared into a newly constructed digital environment via an intelligent hierarchical platform. The outputs are fit for national data sets and modelling; policy makers deciding on sensor networks for monitoring evolving risk due to long-term environmental changes; operational decision-makers tasked with real-time management of acute threats to life; right though to data provision and two-way engagement with the individuals at risk. Innovative low-cost, in situ near real-time data streaming/processing sensors resiliently linked to an integrated portal with automated reporting offers a viable and transformative solution to end-user challenges.The LIMIT feasibility study will generate new field validated intelligent monitoring informatics, underpinned by advanced theories of failure mechanics, to provide critical data on the increasing likelihood and then the occurrence of slope failures in real-time.