Sustainable development and resilience of UK coastal communities

气候和生态紧急情况、英国退欧和新冠肺炎表明了目前影响英国沿海社区的巨大变化和干扰，以及建立对加速、多方面和新形式风险的应变能力的紧迫性。我们的研究旨在建立知识和诀窍，以提高海洋资源使用者对环境、法规和社会文化变化的适应能力，同时改善他们的福祉，减少对海洋环境的不利影响。海洋投资、政策和管理决策通常被理解为优先决策(“这样或那样”)，但它们也可能涉及系统互动和权衡，因此会产生赢家和输家。取舍冲突表现在政策协商、规划和许可决定以及资源使用者选择支持(或不支持)特定干预措施的日常行为中。因此，越来越多的人有动力明确权衡取舍，因为它们可以解释海洋计划、渔业法规、保护区指定或海上风力发电场的政治可接受性、有效性和持久性。到目前为止，研究的重点是与环境可持续性与人类福利和福祉之间的紧张关系有关的生态权衡或社会生态权衡，很少关注复原力。然而，新出现的研究表明，复原力和幸福感之间以及复原力和可持续性之间的权衡对海洋政策和实践具有重要影响。我们的研究将首次提出弹性、幸福感和可持续性的关联性观点，承认一个目标的任何解决方案都必须平等地考虑关联性中的其他两个。我们将关联性观点应用于实地和政策干预，系统地评估各个规模和部门的复原力、福祉和可持续性之间的协同作用和权衡，并确定共同改进这些成果的机会。我们通过以下三个呼吁主题：主题1：调查不同的海洋资源使用者如何对各种干扰事件作出反应，他们的复原力如何与他们的福祉和对可持续发展的参与相结合，以及他们认为对维持和改进联系成果很重要的是什么。主题2：将关联性观点应用于政策背景，以了解目前在决策中如何权衡不同的价值观和关联性动态。我们将与政策和行业利益攸关方密切合作，制定一个决策支持框架，以审问海洋部门内部和跨部门权衡决定的可接受性。方法3：将关联性观点应用于实地干预，评估各项举措打算如何改善复原力、福祉和/或可持续性，以及目前如何处理跨关联性的权衡。我们将与从业者密切合作，寻找机会改进这些干预措施的未来迭代，以便它们能够更好地在整个网络中带来三重好处。项目成果包括：新的核心观点；供政策制定者和实施者使用的低技术取舍决策支持框架；以及有证据表明，应用核心观点可以改善英国在海洋遗产、社区可持续发展和海洋环境监管领域对海洋社会生态系统的政策和实地干预。这项研究将是世界领先的，具有国际重要性。人、社区和生态系统的复原力是可持续管理水生生态系统(SDG14)、应对气候变化(SDG13)和持久改善福祉(SDG1+2)的全球行动的基础。我们的研究解决了在如何在规模上发挥纽带动态的知识方面的一个重大差距，这将是成功实现这些可持续发展目标的基础。

The climate and ecological emergencies, Brexit and Covid-19 illustrate the enormity of change and disturbance currently impacting coastal communities in the UK, and the urgency of building resilience to accelerating, multi-faceted and new forms of risk. Our research aims to build the knowledge and know-how to enhance the resilience of marine resource-users to environmental, regulatory and socio-cultural change, while simultaneously improving their wellbeing and reducing adverse impacts on the marine environment. Marine investment, policy and management decisions are often understood as prioritisation decisions ("this or that"), but they can also involve system interactions and trade-offs, and so create winners and losers. Trade-off conflicts manifest in policy consultation, planning and licensing decisions, and in the everyday behaviours of resource-users choosing to support (or not) particular interventions. There is, therefore, increasing impetus to be explicit about trade-offs where they can explain the political acceptability, effectiveness and durability of marine plans, fisheries regulations, protected area designations or offshore wind farms. To date, research has focused on ecological trade-offs or social-ecological trade-offs related to tensions between environmental sustainability and human welfare and wellbeing, with little attention to resilience. Yet, emerging research shows trade-offs between resilience and wellbeing, and between resilience and sustainability with important implications for marine policy and practice. Our research will be the first to develop a nexus perspective on resilience, wellbeing and sustainability to acknowledge that any solution for one objective must equally consider the other two in the nexus. We apply the nexus perspective to on-the-ground and policy interventions to systematically evaluate synergies and trade-offs among resilience, wellbeing and sustainability across scales and sectors, and to identify opportunities to improve these outcomes together. We address the three call themes by:THEME 1: Investigating how diverse marine resource-users respond to varied disturbance events, how their resilience intersects with their wellbeing and engagement with sustainability, and what they VALUE as important for maintaining and improving nexus outcomes. THEME 2: Applying the nexus perspective to the policy context to understand how diverse values and nexus dynamics are traded off in decision-making currently. Working closely with policy and industry stakeholders we will develop a DECISION-SUPPORT FRAMEWORK to interrogate the acceptability of trade-off decisions within and across marine sectors.THEME 3: Applying the nexus perspective to on-the-ground INTERVENTIONS to assess how initiatives intend to improve resilience, wellbeing and/or sustainability, and currently deal with trade-offs across the nexus. Working closely with practitioners, we will identify opportunities to improve future iterations of these interventions so they can better deliver triple benefits across the nexus. Project deliverables include: a new nexus perspective; a low-tech trade-off decision-support framework for use by policy-makers and implementers, and; evidence that applying a nexus perspective can improve both policy and on-the-ground interventions in marine social-ecological systems in the UK across the domains of marine heritage, sustainable development of communities, and marine environmental regulation. This research will be world leading and of international importance. The resilience of people, communities and ecosystems underpins global action to sustainably manage aquatic ecosystems (SDG14), respond to climate change (SDG13), and deliver enduring improvements in wellbeing (SDG1+2). Our research addresses a significant gap in knowledge of how nexus dynamics play out across scales that will be fundamental to successful delivery of these Sustainable Development Goals.