Creative Adaptive Solutions for Treescapes of Rivers (CASTOR)

如果英国要在2050年达到17%的植树造林目标，就需要进行关键的干预。Castor项目既阐明了将面临的挑战，也为其提供了解决方案，特别关注英格兰北部的河岸景观。我们将重点放在河岸小路上，作为重新造林的关键路径，利用这些作为自然汇合的优势，利用三个关键机会：1.范围：英格兰有超过240,000公里的河流和小溪，这意味着恢复河岸林地的潜力为实现英国政府到2050年树木覆盖率17%的目标提供了一个巨大的机会，同时伴随着碳储存和封存、水质改善、栖息地创造和防洪的相关增加。2.恢复：虽然不是所有的河流都适合重新造林，但考虑到河岸带的退化程度，这些生境为大规模环境恢复和重新野生提供了一个重大机会。对集水区动态和连通性的关注为越来越多的社区开发基于自然的解决持续洪水风险的办法提供了一个关键机会。3.自然恢复网络：河岸带是复原景观的关键生态组成部分。例如，河岸栖息地的物种丰富度往往高于邻近的土地利用地。河岸森林具有连接林地栖息地的能力，为自然恢复网络提供了蓝图。这些协同作用的特性和我们的综合方法直接和创造性地满足了政府的“绿色工业革命十点计划”，强调了土地管理和自然恢复的“联合”方法的必要性。Castor将通过以下方式共同产生知识和确定具有弹性的河岸小路：1.绘制英国河岸小路扩张的潜力图，并确定与河岸走廊相关的生态、历史和社会经济联系。2.将文学、历史、生态和文化遗产的价值置于扩大/改变的环境中(以及对“荒野”的看法)。3.探索利用社会艺术实践和参与性方法，共同产生关于对河岸树丛走廊的多尺度认识、价值观和动机的知识。4.严格评估利益攸关方的财政奖励和机会；与农村地区的土地管理人接触。5.开发(通过虚拟现实、艺术装置、讲习班和基于网络的地理信息系统探索的)与河流走廊的自然和辅助更新(重新开垦)有关的替代方案。6.开发空间模型(关于连通性、水文学、物种多样性、更新阶段)，以评估河岸环流作为自组织系统的复原力，以及它们所连接的景观和社区。7.通过与艺术从业者(例如，创意写作、驻场艺术家等)接触进行探索社区--时间/空间--与河岸林地的联系。我们新颖的跨学科视角和技术将提供：1)对河岸树木逃生进行评估，以便直接纳入公共产品公共资金框架；2)对社会水生态反馈进行批判性研究，以支持退化的河岸景观的恢复，利用重新野生方法来增加河岸生物多样性和碳储存；以及3)新出现的愿景，将长期文化价值与社区视角结合起来，以确保英国树木逃生的未来。这些成果将在一个将适用于整个英国的模式中促进社区参与和河岸景观和生态系统的恢复。

Critical interventions are required if the UK is to reach its afforestation target of 17% by 2050. The CASTOR project both elucidates and provides solutions for the challenges that will be faced, with a specific focus on riparian landscapes in northern England. Our focus on riparian treescapes as critical pathways to reforestation takes advantage of these as natural confluences, capitalizing on three key opportunities: 1. Extent: there are over 240,000 km of rivers and streams in England, meaning the potential for restoring riparian woodland presents a substantial opportunity for meeting the UK government's goal of 17% tree cover by 2050 coupled with associated increases in carbon storage and sequestration, water quality amelioration, habitat creation and flood prevention. 2. Restoration: although not all rivers will be suitable for reforestation, given the levels of degradation of riparian zones, these habitats present a major opportunity for large-scale environmental restoration and rewilding. A focus on catchment dynamics and connectivity offers a key opportunity for the development of nature-based solutions to ongoing flood risk for an increasing number of communities. 3. Networks for nature recovery: riparian zones are a key ecological component of resilient landscapes. For example, riparian habitats often have greater species richness than adjacent land-uses. Riparian forests have the ability to connect woodland habitats, providing a blueprint for a Nature Recovery Network. These synergistic properties and our integrated approach directly and creatively address the government's 'Ten Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution' highlighting the need for a 'joined-up' approach to land management and nature recovery.The CASTOR will co-produce knowledge and identify pathways to resilient riparian treescapes by: 1. mapping the potential for riparian treescape expansion in the UK and identifying ecological, historical and socio-economic connections associated with riparian corridors. 2. mapping literary, historical, ecological, and cultural heritage values in the context of expanding/changing treescapes (and perceptions of "wildness"). 3. exploring the use of Social Arts Practice and participatory methods to co-produce knowledge on multi-scalar perceptions, values and motivations towards riparian treescape corridors. 4. critically evaluating financial incentives and opportunities for stakeholders; engaging with land-managers in rural areas. 5. developing alternative scenarios (explored through virtual reality, arts installations, workshops and web-based GIS) related to natural and assisted regeneration (rewilding) of river corridors. 6. developing spatial models (of connectivity, hydrology, species diversity, regeneration stage) to assess the resilience of riparian treescapes, as self-organizing systems, and the landscapes and communities they connect. 7. exploring through engagement with arts practitioners (e.g. creative writing, artists in residence, etc.) the community connections - temporal/spatial - to riparian woodlands. Our novel interdisciplinary perspectives and technology will deliver: 1) a valuation of riparian treescapes for direct incorporation into the public money for public goods framework; 2) critical examination of socio-hydro-ecological feedbacks to underpin the recovery of degraded riparian landscapes, leveraging rewilding approaches to increase riparian biodiversity and carbon storage; and 3) an emergent vision that aligns long-term cultural values with community perspectives to ensure the future of UK treescapes. These outcomes will invigorate community engagement and recovery of riparian landscapes and ecosystems within a model that will be applicable throughout the UK.