REGULATION OF EMMETROPIZATION

视觉体验对屈光发育和眼睛的作用 作为一项研究的一部分，对新生猴子和幼猴的生长进行了评估 更大的努力来确定决定眼睛是否 变得近视、远视或视力正常。结果是 用单眼视觉遮挡饲养的幼猴证实了我们的 断言眼睛生长模型不仅要考虑 视觉体验对眼睛的直接影响，也是 提供给同伴眼睛的视觉输入的间接影响。 该系列的下一步是确定之前的 未知的眼内影响是由于一种机制服务于 匹配两只眼睛的长度，或者这个机制是否 实际上对两只眼睛的视觉输入很敏感。在一次努力中 为了模拟在阅读时出现的近距离工作的视觉需求， 幼年猴子接受了操纵杆任务的训练，在这个任务中，它们 在计算机屏幕上跟踪目标。我们已经签署了一项任务， 猴子愿意每天工作几个小时； 类关联的高视觉要求 学龄儿童近视的发展。这方面的下一步 系列是评估猴子眼睛的调节姿势 在他们从事这项工作的同时，一旦确认 他们必须在较长的时间内保持通融，类似于 孩子们做作业的时间，我们会比较他们目前的情况 折射状态，它们的测量结果是在 “阅读”任务。这两种视觉操作的目标都是 确定近视的有效管理或预防策略； 世界上最普遍、最昂贵的视觉障碍。

The role of visual experience on refractive development and eye growth was assessed in newborn and juvenile monkeys, as part of a larger effort to identify the factors that determine whether eyes become nearsighted, farsighted, or have normal vision. The results of the infant monkeys reared with visual occlusion of one eye confirm our assertion that models of eye growth will have to consider not only the direct influence of visual experience on the eye, but also the indirect influence of the visual input provided to the fellow eye. The next step in the series is to determine whether this previously unknown interocular influence is due to a mechanism that serves to match the length of the two eyes, or whether this mechanism is actually sensitive to the visual input of the two eyes. In an effort to simulate the near-work visual demands that occur while reading, juvenile monkeys have been trained on a joystick task in which they track targets on a computer screen. We have d esigned a task that the monkeys are willing to work on for several hours each day; which mimics the high visual demands that are associated with the development of myopia in school-aged children. The next step in this series is to assess the accommodative posture of the monkeys' eyes while they are engaged in this task; once it has been confirmed that they must accommodative for extended periods of time, similar to the time spent by kids who do schoolwork, we will compare their current refractive state with their measurements obtained prior to the "reading" task. The goal of both of these visual manipulations is to identify effective management or prevention strategies for myopia; the most prevalent, and the most costly, visual disorder in the world.