Investigating Nickel-Catalysed C-P Cross-Coupling

EPSRC：Thomas Kieran RedPath：EP/W522260/1催化是加速化学反应和降低这些反应的能量需求(例如，通过降低反应温度)的基本方法。大多数均相催化，在制药和农用化学工业中，起始材料和催化剂一起处于溶液相，需要昂贵、稀有且往往有毒的重金属过渡金属，如钯、铂、铱和铑。镍是一种廉价而丰富的金属，可用于实现许多与钯和铂相同的反应，使更复杂的材料能够更容易、更低成本和更可持续地制造出来。目前，钯(被认为是一种稀有而贵重的金属)被用来在分子中做到这一点，其预期的结果是碳和磷耦合形成新的键。由于镍和钯在某些情况下具有相似的反应性，镍应该可以做到这一点，但已知的例子相对较少。该项目的目标是开发镍催化的反应，这些反应在碳和磷之间形成键，使用以镍为中心的催化剂。配体是附着在金属催化剂上的基团，它的使用改变了催化剂的性质和反应活性；我们在达尔豪西大学(加拿大新斯科舍省)的合作伙伴是配体设计和开发方面的世界专家，他们将分享他们的专业知识，以实现我们的目标。这将在未来为这些类型的化学转化提供更具成本效益的催化。

EPSRC : Thomas Kieran Redpath : EP/W522260/1Catalysis is an essential way to speed up chemical reactions and to decrease the energy demands of those reactions (e.g. by decreasing reaction temperatures). Most homogenous catalysis, where the starting materials and catalyst are in the solution phase together, in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries requires expensive, rare, and often toxic heavy transition metals such as palladium, platinum, iridium, and rhodium.Nickel is a cheap and abundant metal that can be used to achieve many of the same reactions that palladium and platinum can perform, allowing for more complex materials to be made with greater ease, at lower cost, and more sustainably. Currently, palladium (considered a rare and precious metal) is used to do this in molecules where the desired outcome is the coupling of carbon and phosphorous to form a new bond. Due to the similar reactivity of nickel and palladium in some circumstances, this is something that should be possible with nickel, but for which there are relatively few known examples. The aim of the project is to develop nickel-catalysed reactions that form bonds between carbon and phosphorus, using catalysts with nickel at the centre. The use of ligands, which are groups that attach to the metal catalyst, changes the properties and reactivity of the catalyst; our partners at Dalhousie University (Nova Scotia, Canada) are world experts in ligand design and development and will share their expertise to make our aims a reality. This will enable more cost-effective catalysis in the future for these kinds of chemical transformations.