The study of elementary particles and their interactions

这笔赠款将用于继续该小组对基本粒子性质和自然基本力的研究方案。这笔赠款的主要目标之一是支持利用三个新的实验，这些实验将在赠款期间开始获取数据。CMS实验将在研究物质成分及其相互作用方面开辟新天地，希望观察希格斯粒子并了解质量的起源，以及寻找新现象，例如寻找潜在暗物质候选者的证据。LHC B实验将提供标准模型的补充测试，能够寻找对新物理学贡献敏感的味道物理学中极其罕见的衰变，以及测量B介子衰变中的CP破坏。这两个实验将广泛使用网格计算，该小组将继续开发和利用。T2K实验将使我们能够扩展对中微子扇区中质量和混合的理解，并应该提供一个关键的测量，这将指导我们最终是否可以在中微子扇区中看到CP破坏的证据。接下来的实验希望测量中微子中的CP破坏，这将需要一个专门的中微子工厂，该小组正在积极参与理解为这样的设施准备加速器的问题。中微子之谜的另一个缺失部分是中微子是否是它自己的反粒子。这笔赠款将支持未来的实验准备，试图确定中微子是否是马约拉纳粒子。宇宙可能主要由暗物质组成，直到现在还没有被发现。该小组将继续寻找暗物质候选者的直接证据。粒子物理学中使用的加速器也有潜在的能源和医疗保健应用，该小组将继续研究如何应用有利于未来研究加速器以及加速器应用的技术。该小组还将积极为未来的设施准备下一代探测器，无论是在LHC的高亮度升级，还是为其他未来的对撞机。

This grant is to continue the groups programme of investigation into the properties of elementary particles and the fundamental forces of nature. One of the main objectives of this grant will be to support the exploitation of three new experiments which will start taking data during the period of this grant. The CMS experiment will break new ground in studying the constituents of matter and their interactions, hoping to observe the Higgs particle and understand the origins of mass, as well as searching for new phenomena, such as finding evidence of potential dark matter candidates. The LHCb experiment will offer complementary tests of the Standard Model with the ability to look for extremely rare decays in flavour physics which are sensitive to contributions from new physics, as well as measuring CP violation in the decays of B mesons. Both these experiments will make extensive use of Grid computing which the group will continue to develop and exploit. The T2K experiment will allow us to expand our understanding of the masses and mixings in the neutrino sector, and should provide a key measurement which will guide us as to whether we ultimately could see evidence of CP violation in the neutrino sector. Follow on experiments looking to measure CP violation in neutrinos would require a dedicate neutrino factory, and the group is heavily involved in understanding the issues in preparing an accelerator for such a facility. One of the other missing pieces of the neutrino puzzle is whether the neutrino is its own anti-particle. This grant will support preparation of a future experiment to attempt to determine if the neutrino is a Majorana particle. The universe may be largely composed of Dark Matter which until now remains un-detected. The group will continue is activity in searching for direct evidence of a dark matter candidate. Accelerators which are used in particle physics also have potential applications for energy, and healthcare, and the group will continue its research into how to apply techniques which have benefit for future research accelerators as well as applied use of accelerators. The group will also be active in preparing the next generation of detectors for future facilities, both at the high luminosity upgrade of the LHC, as well as for other future colliders.