A programme of Astrophysics, Cosmology and Technology in Cardiff 2013-2016

我们提出了一个天体物理学、宇宙学和天体物理学和宇宙学的技术发展计划，以研究我们自己和其他星系中恒星和行星的形成，星系是如何形成和演化的，以及我们今天看到的周围的宇宙是如何起源于大爆炸的。我们将利用我们在利用赫歇尔卫星银河系和河外勘测方面的世界领先地位，以及与其他设施和理论模型的补充观测。我们还将开发新的复杂但强大的统计方法，以利用普朗克卫星和其他大型宇宙学调查产生的大型数据集。我们将继续开发世界上最灵敏的用于超长红外波长的探测器，以及相关的光学部件，利用由人类设计和制造的材料类别，具有最适合他们的任务的性能，而不是依赖于自然产生的矿物和塑料。这两个技术开发领域在天文学之外都有潜在的广泛应用，例如在安全扫描仪和生物医学成像等领域。用于成像的技术还可以扩展到进行光谱分析，我们提出了一项计划，以发展获得大面积天空图像中每个点的光谱的能力，这对于了解在深度调查中发现的物体有多远，以及组成这些物体的气体中的条件是至关重要的。

We propose a programme of Astrophysics, Cosmology and Technology development for Astrophysics and Cosmology, to investigate star and planet formation in our own and other galaxies, how galaxies form and evolve, and how the Universe we see around us today originated in the big bang. We will use our world-leading position in exploitation of the Herschel satellite galactic and extragalactic surveys, along with complemeantary observations with other facilities and theoretical modelling. We will also develop new sophisticated yet robust statistical methods for exploiting the large datasets emerging from the Planck satellite and other large cosmological surveys. We will continue to develop the world's most sensitive detectors for very long infrared wavelengths, along with associated optical components utilising 'metamaterials' the class of materials designed and manufactured by human beings to have the properties best suited to their task, rather than relying on naturally occurring minerals and plastics. Both of these areas of technology development have potential wide applications outside of Astronomy, in areas such as security scanners and bio-medical imaging for example. The technologies used for imaging can also be extended to undertake spectroscopy, and we propose a programme to develop the capability to obtain a spectrum of every point in a large area image of the sky, which is essential for understanding how far away the objects found in deep surveys are, but also what the conditions in the gas that make up these objects are.