DETECTION OF CANCEROUS CELLS AND TISSUES BY FTIR MICROSPECTROSCOPY

来自正常细胞和组织的红外（振动）吸收光谱模式，以及那些被标准病理方法诊断为癌变的细胞和组织的红外（振动）吸收光谱模式，最近由几个研究小组报道。正常和异常样品之间的光谱差异可以描述为总体光谱变化，如糖原消耗或癌样中结构蛋白光谱贡献的增加，以及DNA/RNA振动的非常微妙的变化，这些变化似乎是癌症的真正光谱特征。前一种变化不是癌症特有的，但可能发生在各种情况下；而DNA/RNA谱特征的变化似乎是不典型增生和肿瘤所特有的。所附提案中描述的研究的总体目标是建立正常和异常样品之间DNA/RNA光谱区域差异的原因和发展的理解。为了实现这一目标，必须进一步了解细胞和组织的光谱特征，建立光谱与细胞成熟和分化状态以及细胞凋亡、坏死、细胞周期阶段等因素的依赖关系。红外光谱有望成为疾病诊断的宝贵工具，因为细胞和组织中的所有生物分子都表现出固有的和特定的红外光谱模式。因此，红外光谱是一种诊断技术，不需要特定的探针来检测细胞成分的变化。因此，可以通过红外光谱来区分成熟、分化和细胞分裂周期的阶段。对这些光谱结果的详细了解能够以完全客观的、基于机器的方法检测疾病。

Infrared (vibrational) absorption spectral patterns from normal cells and tissues, and from those diagnosed to be cancerous by standard pathological methods, have been reported recently by several research groups. The spectral differences between normal and abnormal samples can be described as gross spectral changes, such as glycogen depletion or increase in the spectral contributions of structural proteins in cancerous samples, and very subtle change sin the DNA/RNA vibrations that appear to be the true spectral signatures of cancer. The former changes are not specific for cancer but may occur in a variety of conditions; whereas the changes in DNA/RNA spectral features appear to be specific for dysplasia and neoplasia. The overall aim of the research described in the enclosed proposal is to establish the cause and develop the understanding of the spectral differences in the DNA/RNA spectral region between normal and abnormal samples. In order to achieve this goal, the understanding of spectral features of cells and tissues must be furthered, and the dependence of the spectra on the cell's state of maturation and differentiation, as well as other factors, such as apoptosis, necrosis and stage of the cell cycle, need to be established. Infrared spectroscopy promises to be an invaluable tool for the diagnosis of disease, since all biomolecules in cells and tissues exhibit inherent and specific infrared spectral patterns. As such, infrared spectroscopy is a diagnostic technique that does not require specific probes to detect changes in cellular composition. Thus, it is possible to distinguish states of maturation, differentiation and stages of the cell division cycle by infrared spectroscopy. A detailed understanding of these spectral results to the ability to detect disease in a completely objective, machine-based approach.