DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF BINOCULAR VISION

描述：先天性和婴儿期起病的双眼不平衡影响 3-4%的美国婴儿视觉成熟。这些条件具有 可能导致弱视和双眼视觉异常。 即使在成功恢复透明媒质的治疗后，情况也很好 对齐和正常视力，只有不到1%的患者达到正常 立体视觉。在之前的资助期内，早期治疗 婴儿内斜视和先天性单眼白内障被显示为 显著提高立体视觉和对齐能力。拟议的研究将 在这些发现的基础上，评估是否在 当手术对齐在眼底完成时，就可以达到立体视功能。 立体视临界期的开始，是否损害严重 对立体视觉的影响更大的是不对准的开始或 错位的持续时间，立体视结果是否更好 与更好的长期对齐相关，以及是否进步 遮盖治疗剥夺性弱视可改善立体视效果。 PI关于VEP运动中鼻-颞部不对称的最新工作 这些反应表明，与立体视觉相比，与抑制有更密切的联系。建议 研究将在婴儿和患有婴儿的儿童中评估这一假说。 或迟发性内斜视或共同性斜视。为了确定 这些感觉异常是否共同发展，VEP运动不对称， 抑制和立体视觉也将在一组婴儿中进行评估 斜视的风险很高。PI还将探索垂直运动是否 不对称性与分离的垂直方向共同发展或预示着分离的垂直方向 偏差。使用一种新开发的超视力方案，她将评估 弱视婴幼儿位置性视力缺陷的研究 它们与解决赤字的关系，并决定是否 位置敏锐度为监测/预测成功提供了一种有用的方法 闭塞疗法的最新进展。在过去的赠款期间，她开发了三个 婴儿随机点双眼感觉和运动功能测试 立体卡、学龄前儿童随机立体视力测试和视频 赫希贝格系统。在即将到来的资助期，她将评估 这些测试的准确性、可靠性和效度。Hirschberg视频 该系统还将用于研究眼球对齐和眼球运动的共同发展。 正常婴儿的立体视与异常注视的发展 儿科患者的模式。在基础科学方面，这些研究 将有助于定义满足以下条件的必要条件 立体视觉的发展。在临床方面，更好的立体视力 结果应该提供更稳定的眼球对准和更好的质量 生活。

DESCRIPTION: Congenital and infantile onset binocular imbalance affect the visual maturation of 3-4% of U.S. infants. These conditions have the potential to cause both amblyopia and abnormalities in binocular vision. Even after treatment which is successful in restoring clear media, good alignment, and normal acuity, less than 1% of patients achieve normal stereoacuity. During the previous grant period, early treatment for infantile esotropia and congenital unilateral cataract were shown to significantly improve stereoacuity and alignment. Proposed studies will build on these findings by evaluating whether further improvements in stereoacuity can be achieved when surgical alignment is accomplished at the onset of the critical period for stereopsis, whether severity of impairment of stereopsis is influenced more strongly by onset of misalignment or by duration of misalignment, weather better stereoacuity outcomes are associated with better long term alignment, and whether progressive occlusion therapy for deprivation amblyopia improves stereoacuity outcomes. The PI recent work with nasal-temporal asymmetries in the VEP motion response suggest a closer link to suppression than to stereopsis. Proposed studies will evaluate this hypothesis in infants and children with infantile or late onset esotropia or incomitant strabismus. In order to determine whether these sensory anomalies co-develop, VEP motion asymmetry, suppression, and stereopsis will also be evaluated in a group of infants at high risk for strabismus. The PI will also explore whether vertical motion asymmetries co-develop with or are predictive of dissociated vertical deviations. Using a newly developed hyperacuity protocol, she will evaluate the development of positional acuity deficits in amblyopic infants, examine their relationship with resolution deficits, and determine whether positional acuity provides a useful approach to monitor/predict the success of occlusion therapy. During the past grant period, she developed three tests of binocular sensory and motor function, the Infant Random Dot Stereocards, the Preschool Randot Stereoacuity test, and the video Hirschberg system. In the upcoming grant period, she will evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and validity of these tests. The video Hirschberg system will also be used to study the co-development of eye alignment and stereopsis in normal infants and the development of abnormal fixation patterns in pediatric patients. On the basic science side, these studies will help to define the necessary and sufficient conditions for the development of stereopsis. On the clinical side, better stereoacuity outcomes should provide more stable eye alignment and better quality of life.