Relation of diet quality with mortality

尽管许多研究考察了单一营养素、食物或食物组在疾病病因学中的作用，但相对较少的研究涉及包含多种相互依赖的饮食因素的饮食模式对健康的影响。对饮食模式的研究有几个理由是必要的。首先，自由生活的个体食用的复杂饮食不是由单一的营养素或食物组成，而是含有多种营养素和非营养素的食物的组合。其次，饮食变量的相互关联使得很难分离出单一营养素或食物的影响。第三，体内营养素的生物活性是相互依赖的。最后，疾病预防建议隐含地反映了饮食模式方法，强调同时改变几种饮食行为，如增加水果、蔬菜和谷物的摄入量，减少脂肪的摄入量。这一小额赠款提案的目的是分析两个大型国家队列的数据[1987年全国健康访谈调查(n=22,080；全因死亡2937人)和1992年(n=12,005；全因死亡1033人)]，以前瞻性地检查总体饮食质量与全原因和特定原因死亡率的关系。根据作为核心调查的补充而收集的食物频率调查表制定的总体饮食质量指标，将在5-10年的后续期间与死亡风险进行审查。考克斯的比例风险回归分析将被用来测试饮食质量与每个结果的独立关联，使用适合于分析具有复杂研究设计的调查数据的统计软件(SUDAAN)。

Although many studies have examined the role of single nutrients, foods, or food groups in the etiology of disease, relatively little research has addressed the health effects of dietary patterns comprising multiple interdependent dietary factors. Research on dietary patterns is warranted on several grounds. First, complex diets consumed by free-living individuals do not consist of single nutrients or foods but rather a combination of foods containing multiple nutrients and non-nutrients. Second, intercorrelation of dietary variables makes it difficult to isolate effects of single nutrients or foods. Third, in vivo biological activities of nutrients are interdependent. Finally, recommendations for disease prevention implicitly reflect the dietary pattern approach by emphasizing the simultaneous change of several dietary behaviors such as increasing fruit, vegetable, and grain intake, and decreasing fat intake. The purpose of this small grant proposal is to analyze data from two large national cohorts [National Health Interview Surveys of 1987 (n=22,080; 2937 deaths due to all causes), and 1992 (n=12,005; 1033 deaths due to all causes)] to examine prospectively the relation of overall diet quality to all-cause and, cause-specific mortality. Measures of overall diet quality developed from food frequency questionnaire collected as a supplement to the core survey will be examined in relation to risk of mortality over a followup period of 5-10 years. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis will be used to test the independent association of diet quality with each outcome using statistical software (SUDAAN) appropriate for analysis of data from surveys with a complex study design.