DEVELOPMENT OF GAMBLING AND ALCOHOL USE IN YOUTH

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：虽然有年龄 研究一致表明，全美对赌博的限制 青少年和年轻人更有可能是 以问题赌徒为特征，而不是他们的成年赌徒。青春洋溢 赌博也与其他青少年问题密切相关 包括酒精、其他物质使用和犯罪在内的行为。然而， 关于青少年赌博的病因学研究很少，而且 没有关于青少年赌博发展的纵向研究吗？ 物质使用背景下的行为。经济高效的辅助数据 建议使用NIAAA以前资助的两项纵向研究进行分析 关注青少年酗酒问题。这两项研究包括相同的衡量标准 赌博行为的证据。博彩措施尚未分析，原因是 有限的资源。研究1(家庭和青少年研究)，是一个六次浪潮 699名青少年的纵向小组研究，年龄分别为13-16岁和18-23岁 来自父母和同龄人的独立评估的第六波。研究2 (青年男性犯罪)是一项三波纵向小组研究 625名16-19岁男性在第一波和19-22波中的药物使用和犯罪行为 在第3波中，由家庭受访者(通常是 母亲)。这两项研究都使用了普通人群样本；但研究1包括 对黑人家庭的过抽样和研究2包括了对年轻男性的过抽样 有很高的犯罪风险。 使用赌博同时发生的发展的概念模型， 药物使用和犯罪，横断面和纵向分析 使用来自社会人口、个人/心理和 父母/同伴社交领域。具体目标是确定：a) 社会人口学与赌博行为相关；b)两者之间的关系 个人/心理因素与赌博；c)家庭和同龄人 对赌博行为发展的影响和d) 赌博、酒精和其他物质使用之间的相互关系以及 研究影响青少年犯罪的常见致病因素。 问题行为。更好地了解保护性因素和风险因素 因为青少年赌博可以被用来为预防策略提供参考。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Although there are age limits on gambling throughout the United States, research consistently shows that adolescents and young adults are significantly more likely to be characterized as problem gamblers than their adult counterparts. Youthful gambling is also significantly correlated with other adolescent problem behaviors including alcohol, other substance use and delinquency. However, there is very little research on the etiology of adolescent gambling and there are no longitudinal studies examining the development of youthful gambling behaviors in the context of substance use. Cost-effective secondary data analysis is proposed using two longitudinal studies previously funded by NIAAA to focus on adolescent alcohol misuse. Both studies include the same measures of gambling behaviors. The gambling measures have not been analyzed due to limited resources. Study 1 (Family and Adolescent Study), is a six-wave longitudinal panel study of 699 adolescents, aged 13-16 at wave 1 and 18-23 at wave 6 with independent assessments from parents and peers. Study 2 (Delinquency in Young Men) is a three-wave longitudinal panel study of substance use and delinquency among 625 males, aged 16-19 at wave 1 and 19-22 in wave 3 with an independent assessment from a family respondent (usually the mother). Both studies employed general population samples; but Study 1 included an oversample of black families and Study 2 included an oversample of young men at high risk for delinquency. Using a conceptual model of the development of the co-occurrence of gambling, substance use and delinquency, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses are specified using predictors from sociodemographic, individual/psychological, and parent/peer socialization domains. The specific aims are to determine: a) the sociodemographic correlates of gambling behaviors; b) the relationships between individual/psychological factors and gambling; c) the family and peer influences on the development of gambling behaviors and d) the inter-relationships between gambling, alcohol and other substance use and delinquency as well to examine the common etiological factors influencing these problem behaviors. A better understanding of the protective and risk factors for youthful gambling can be used to inform prevention strategies.