PARENTING, CULTURE, NEIGHBORHOODS & ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR

文化、邻里和社会经济力量是如何独立地、相互作用地影响家庭育儿实践的，我们所知甚少。拟议的研究将使用文化锚定的分析方法，分三个阶段解决这些问题。以下问题将指导研究：1)文化在多大程度上影响家庭选择的育儿策略，独立于其他背景力量？2)文化，而不是社会经济地位或邻里环境，改变了人们所认为的减少青少年反社会行为的养育策略吗？3)邻里环境和文化在何种程度上调节了子女教养方式对反社会行为的影响？研究样本包括7至12年级的白人、非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年，他们来自相似的社会经济和社区背景，由国家青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health）调查（N= 2550）。在第一阶段，将探讨这三个种族/民族家庭在育儿策略上的潜在差异。对各族裔青少年父母行为报告的因素分析中出现的不同父母教养量表的程度将采用主轴因素分析和多样本验证性因素分析进行评估。由此产生的育儿量表的探索性聚类分析将允许潜在独特的整体育儿行为模式出现在每个群体中。第二阶段将在控制青少年性别、年龄、年级、父母年龄、受教育程度、社会经济地位、家庭结构等因素的情况下，研究第一阶段所揭示的父母背景与各民族家庭青少年反社会行为之间的关系。在第三阶段，在控制相同因素的情况下，将考虑社区贫困和种族/民族对父母教养背景与青少年反社会行为之间关系的潜在调节作用。

Too little is known about how cultural, neighborhood, and socioeconomic forces work independently and in interaction to influence family child- rearing practices. The proposed study will use culturally-anchored analytical methods to address these issues in three phases. The following questions will guide the study: 1) To what extend does cultural influence the parenting strategies families choose, independent of other contextual forces? 2) Does culture, rather than socio-economic status or neighborhood context, changes what perceived parenting strategies reduced youth anti-social behavior? 3) To what extent do both neighborhood context and culture moderate the effect of child-rearing style on antisocial behavior? The study sample consists of 7th to 12th grade White, African-American, and Latino adolescents from similar socio-economic and neighborhood contexts surveyed by the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) (N=2,550). In the first phase, potential differences in parenting strategies used by families from these three race/ethnic groups will be explored. The extent to which distinct parenting scales emerge from factor analyses of youth reports of parenting behaviors for each ethnic group will be evaluated using both principle axis factor analysis and multi-sample confirmatory factor analysis. Exploratory cluster analysis of the resulting parenting scales will then allow potentially unique holistic patterns of parenting behaviors to emerge for each group. The second phase will examine the relationship between the parenting profiles revealed in the first phase and adolescent antisocial behavior for families of each ethnic group, controlling for factors such as youth gender, age, and grade, parent age, education, socio-economic status, and family structure. In the third phase, the potential moderating roles of both neighborhood poverty and race/ethnicity on the relationship between the parenting profiles and youth antisocial behavior will be considered, controlling for the same factors.