Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and disordered eating behaviour

进食行为紊乱是注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的常见共病。以前的研究已经将ADHD的特定症状(例如注意力不集中、冲动)与特定类型的饮食失调行为联系起来，这些关系似乎通过负面情绪以及对饥饿和饱腹感的内在线索的关注和依赖来调节。这个博士项目将进一步研究ADHD的特定症状导致特定类型的进食障碍的机制。该项目将首先通过完成系统的文献回顾和基于实验室的饮食行为研究，评估对饱腹感/饥饿的相互感觉线索的疏忽可能如何导致饮食行为紊乱。ADHD症状和饮食失调行为之间的关系的本质将通过使用利塞非他明来评估，这是一种同时用于治疗ADHD和暴饮暴食的药物。这将允许观察LDX影响的特定ADHD症状，以及这种影响如何调节LDX对暴饮暴食的作用。该项目还将评估ADHD症状与青少年饮食紊乱行为之间的关系，这一点特别令人感兴趣，因为ADHD症状在这个年龄段会发生变化，可能会出现饮食紊乱模式。这将通过纵向收集调查数据来实现，允许对哪些ADHD症状最能预测饮食紊乱行为的发展建立预测模型，这将在指导制定预防措施方面潜在有用。另一项基于实验室的饮食行为研究将评估ADHD症状与青春期饮食失调行为之间的关系，以观察纵向调查结果如何与随意食物摄入量的影响相一致。

Disordered eating behaviour is a common comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous research has linked specific symptoms of ADHD (e.g. inattention, impulsivity) to specific types of disordered eating behaviour, and these relationships seem to be mediated through both negative mood and through attention to and reliance on internal cues of hunger and satiety. This PhD project will further investigate the mechanisms through which specific symptoms of ADHD lead to specific types of disordered eating. The project will first assess how inattention towards interoceptive cues of satiety/hunger may lead to disordered eating behaviour, through the completion of a systematic literature review and laboratory-based eating behaviour studies. The nature of the relationship between ADHD symptoms and disordered eating behaviour will then be assessed through the use of Lisdexamfetamine, a drug used in the treatment of both ADHD and binge eating disorder. This will allow the observation of the specific ADHD symptoms which are influenced by LDX, and how this effect may mediate the action of LDX on binge eating. The project will also assess the relationship between ADHD symptomatology and disordered eating behaviour in adolescents, which is of particular interest as ADHD symptomatology changes at this age and disordered eating patterns may emerge. This will be achieved through longitudinal collection of survey data, allowing the predictive modelling of which ADHD symptoms are most predictive of the development of disordered eating behaviour, which will be potentially useful in guiding development of preventative measures. A further laboratory-based eating behaviour study will assess the relationship between ADHD symptoms and disordered eating behaviour in adolescence, to observe how the longitudinal survey results are consistent with effects on ad libitum food intake.