COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE AND THE USE OF PRESTORED TEXT

使用基于文本的补充和替代通信(AAC)系统的严重语音障碍的人在传递消息时被迫做出不太理想的选择，导致通信在消息传递的速度或消息内容的适当性方面存在缺陷。这些选择涉及违反一条对话规则以满足另一条规则。AAC系统的用户没有任何指导。在确定这些权衡中的哪一个可能更受公众欢迎时。因此，已经开发出一种理论，该理论识别所选择的会话规则以及这些规则的相对值之间的权衡对公共服务提供商对成年AAC用户及其通信的态度的影响，从而可以确定导致最有利和最不有利评估的选择。这个项目的具体目标是在AAC中测试这一会话权衡理论。这将首先通过系统地探索与消息传递速度有关的规则与与消息内容的适当性有关的规则与信息性(实验1)、相关性(实验2)和冗余(实验3)之间的权衡效应来实现。当速度是所涉及的规则之一时，这将提供规则的部分排序。实验4将比较违反信息性、相关性和冗余性的影响，以完成确认这些规则的预测层次的目标。解释和预测这些选择的结果的理论将有助于理解AAC和优化AAC系统用户的成功的方法。这些知识将指导临床医生指导用户选择产生公共服务提供商最积极评价的选择，这些公共服务提供商可以为AAC系统用户成功地融入社会做出重大贡献。这些知识也将为未来的系统开发提供方向。尽管这些选择最明显地适用于AAC，但其他类型的沟通障碍患者可能也会遇到类似的选择。因此，这项研究的长期目标是测试这一理论在AAC系统用户和其他非典型说话者群体中的应用，以便更好地理解由于违反会话规则而导致的有缺陷的交际的结果，并利用结果开发适当的技术来帮助这些人群。杰伊·W·施耐德

People with severe speech impairments who use text-based augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems are forced to make less than optimal choices when delivering messages, resulting in communication that is flawed with respect to either the speed of message delivery or the appropriateness of message content. These choices involve a violation of one conversational rule to satisfy another. AAC system users have no guidance.in determining which of these trade-offs might be viewed more favorably by the general public. A theory, therefore, has been developed that identifies the effects of trade- offs between selected conversational rules, as well as the relative value of these rules, on attitudes of public service providers toward adult AAC users and their communication, such that choices leading to the most and least favorable assessments can be determined. The specific aim of this project is to test this theory of conversational trade-offs in AAC. This will be accomplished first by systematically exploring the effects of trade-offs between the rule pertaining to speed of message delivery and each of those pertaining to the appropriateness of message content with respect to informativeness (Experiment 1), relevance (Experiment 2), and redundancy (Experiment 3). This will provide a partial ordering of the rules when speed is one of the rules involved. Experiment 4 will then compare the effects of violations of informativeness, relevance, and redundancy to complete the goal of confirming the predicted hierarchy of these rules. A theory that explains and predicts outcomes of choices such as these would contribute to an understanding of AAC and of ways to optimize the success of AAC system users. This knowledge will guide clinicians in directing users in the selection of choices that yield the most positive evaluations by public service providers who can significantly contribute to the AAC system user's successful inclusion in society. This knowledge will also provide direction for future systems development. Although these choices most obviously apply to AAC, it is likely that people with other types of communicative disorders may encounter similar choices. The long-term goal of this research proposal, then, is to test the application of this theory as it relates to various subpopulations of AAC system users and other populations of atypical speakers in order to better understand the outcomes of flawed communication resulting from violations of conversational rules, and to use the results to develop appropriate technologies for aiding such populations. Schneider, jay W.