Chemical approaches to synthetic prototissues

分隔的细胞样实体（原始细胞）已经从广泛的材料中构建出来，并且作为模拟复杂生物系统和推进未来生活技术的一种手段，在科学界引起了很大的兴趣。特别地，蛋白体是自组装膜结合的微型构建体，其已被证明能够进行生物材料包封、选择性渗透、基因指导的蛋白质合成和集体行为。蛋白体膜的化学编程可以为新的刺激响应性原细胞和原组织提供机会，以前所未有的涌现行为合成，以及新的靶向递送系统的可能性。提供具有程序化化学反应性的蛋白质体社区将逐步向类生命系统的实用模型发展，并将促进复杂功能微系统和原细胞生态系统的发展。

Compartmentalised cell-like entities (protocells) have been constructed from a wide range of materials and have gained much interest in the scientific community as a means of modelling complex biological systems, and of advancing future living technologies. In particular, proteinosomes are self-assembling membrane-bound microscale constructs which have been shown to be capable of biomaterial encapsulation, selective permeability, gene directed protein synthesis, and collective behaviors. The chemical programming of proteinosome membranes can provide an opportunity for new stimuli-responsive protocells and prototissues to be synthesized with unprecedented emergent behaviors, and the possibility of new targeted delivery systems. Providing proteinosome communities with programmed chemical reactivity will escalate progression towards practical models of life-like systems, and will advance the development of complex functional microsystems and protocellular ecosystems.