Cross-context behavioural spillover and sustainable tourism in Wales

公众对环境问题的认识和关注很高，但往往不会转化为环境友好行为。在度假或休闲一日游中采用这些行为的人比在家中要少。在不同的行为和背景下，这种有利于环境的行为的不一致性是显而易见的。最近的工作探索了开发干预措施的潜力，这种干预措施可以从一种背景溢出到另一种背景(例如，从家到工作)，并最终产生比迄今为止更零碎和针对具体背景的干预所实现的更一致和更雄心勃勃的生活方式改变。一个特别有希望的重点是产生溢出效应，以便在当前项目中进行测试，目标是威尔士人的身份。这是基于我们之前的工作，在我们的工作中，我们发现威尔士的自然景观是威尔士民族认同的核心组成部分。该项目将探索两个案例研究：狗的管理和垃圾行为。遛狗者在国家公园的游客中占了相当大的比例，但遛狗者和管理员(以及牧羊人)之间的冲突越来越多，原因是羊担心、弄脏了东西，以及对鸟巢地点的破坏。乱扔垃圾和低回收率也是公园当局长期面临的问题。之所以选择这些行为，是因为它们对Brecon Beacons NPA(具有最大影响潜力)和当地社区(例如，反映在城镇/村庄规划中)具有高度优先地位，而且也是有形的，相对容易改变(不同于例如，旅行行为，后者在农村地区的结构上受到更多限制)。该项目将采用混合方法，包括以下阶段：对游客和当地利益相关者(如牧民、典狱长)进行深入的现场访谈，以探索与行为改变有关的信念、动机和障碍；干预设计结合案头研究，确定核心理论原则和有效技术，并利用以往的游客/利益相关者调查结果；对布雷肯灯塔国家公园的游客进行实地试验，以测试行为改变干预措施，比较实验组(如威尔士认同、绿色认同、精细回避)和控制组。这还将探讨目标行为(排泄物、狗管理)的变化是否会持续到公园参观到其家庭背景之外(即跨背景溢出)。这项被称为“合作助学”的项目由心理学院和一个非学术组织(布雷肯灯塔国家公园管理局)共同监督。该项目将包括与主管人员的定期会议和对BBNPA的研究地点的访问

Public awareness and concern about environmental issues is high, but does not often translate into environmentally-friendly behaviours. Adoption of these behaviours while on holiday or leisure day-trips is lower than within the home. Thisinconsistency in pro-environmental behaviour is evident across various behaviours and contexts. Recent work has explored the potential for developing interventions which can spillover from one context to another (e.g. home to work) and ultimately produce more consistent and ambitious lifestyle change than has been achieved to date with more piecemeal and context-specific interventions. One particularly promising focus for producing spillover to be tested in the current project is to target Welsh identity. This is based on our previous work, in which we found that Welsh natural landscape is a core component of Welsh national identity. The project will explore two case studies: dog management and waste behaviours. Dog walkers account for a significant proportion of visitors to the National Park, but there is increasing conflict between dog walkers and wardens (as well as graziers) over sheep worrying, fouling, and damage to bird nesting sites. Littering and low recycling rates are also a persistent problem for Park Authorities. These behaviours are selected because they are of high priority to Brecon Beacons NPA (so of greatest impact potential) and local communities (e.g., reflected in town/village plans), and are also tangible and relatively amenable to change (unlike, e.g., travel behaviours, which are more structurally constrained in rural areas). The project will apply a mixed-methods approach, comprising the following stages: Depth on-site interviews with visitors and local stakeholders (e.g. graziers, wardens) to explore beliefs, motivations and barriers in respect of behaviour change; Intervention design incorporating desk research identifying core theoretical principles and effective techniques, and using past visitor surveys) and visitor/stakeholder interview findings; Field experiment with Brecon Beacons National Park visitors to test behaviour change interventions, comparing experimental (e.g. Welsh identity, green identity, fine avoidance) and control groups. This will also explore whether changes to targeted behaviours (waste, dog management) endure beyond the park visit to their home context (i.e. cross-context spillover). This studentship, known as a 'collaborative studentship', involves co-supervision from the School of Psychology and a non-academic organisation (Brecon Beacons National Park Authority). The project will involve regular meetings with both supervisors and visits to study sites in the BBNPA